100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408

100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 PSY 408 Abnormal Psychology Permalink: https://nursingpaperessays.com/ 100-mcq-in-abnor…ychology-psy-408 / Text: Author(s): Publisher: Abnormal Psychology 16th Edition, 2014 ISBN-13: 9780205944286 James N. Butcher, Susan Mineka, and Jill M. Hooley Pearson 925 North Spurgeon Street, Santa Ana, CA 92701 Phone: 714-547-9625 Fax: 714-547-5777 www.calcoast.edu 01/16 Multiple Choice Questions (Enter your answers on the enclosed answer sheet, 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408) Which of the following statements is true? Most behavioral disorders are determined exclusively by Genes play a role in most mental Genes do not affect biochemical The genes that will be expressed in an individual are not affected by Recent estimates suggest that about 50 percent of those with DID have: only two identities two alters, in addition to the host identity over ten identities as many as two hundred identities The McMartin Preschool case demonstrates how: interviewing style can alter the nature of a child’s testimony psychotherapy can reveal repressed memories of abuse the public prefers to deny the reality of childhood sexual abuse children will not misreport experiences of sexual abuse because they are such traumatic events 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 Which of the following is a true statement about Mowrer’s two-process theory of avoidance learning? It provides an explanation for the development of all anxiety While it suggests mechanisms for the development of GAD, it does not account for the development of panic disorder and It does not account for the effectiveness of extinction procedures in the treatment of It has not been helpful in explaining why people with OCD develop obsessions in the first place and why some people never develop compulsive What is lycanthropy? a form of mass hysteria characterized by wild dance-like movements a condition in which people believe themselves to be possessed by wolves a form of mass madness seen only in men a form of mass hysteria now known to have been drug-induced What is a good control group for a research study on people with eating disorders? People who have an eating disorder and a wide range of educational A group that is comparable to those with eating disorders except that they eat A group that is drawn from the sample of people with eating People who used to have eating disorders but no longer say they Dan’s various medical complaints and hospital stays finally led him to a psychiatrist. After a thorough medical and psychological evaluation, the twenty-eight-year-old teacher and father of two was diagnosed with both depression and somatization disorder. What is atypical about this case summary? such diagnoses are usually made later on in life (60 years of age or older) somatization disorder is seen much more commonly in women somatization disorder and depression are rarely comorbid disorders None of the Based on occupation, which of the following would have the lowest rates of PTSD following rescue work during a major disaster? waitresses comforting the injured at the medical tent construction workers trying to clear rubble teachers asked to hold bandages in place police officers removing the seriously injured from the site The approaches to treatment of the mentally ill during the Middle Ages in Europe are best characterized as: superstitious humane medical scientific The text presented the case study of Andrea C, a twenty-one-year-old student from Colombia. The MMPI-2 computer-based report was typical of such reports because: there was a large discrepancy between the report based on the MMPI and that based on the MMPI-2 the report was invalid because she is a member of an ethnic minority the report provided diagnostic and treatment considerations the report was not used appropriately in her treatment In 1983, a large group of West Bank Palestinian girls showed signs of illness. Some thought they were poisoned, but later it was discovered that psychological factors played a key role in most cases. This incident best illustrates: Vitus’s dance exorcism lycanthropy mass hysteria While the DSM is designed to be a categorical classification scheme: in practice diagnoses are made on a dimensional basis the high rate of comorbidity makes categorization impossible the lack of objective criteria make accurate diagnosis impossible the existing criteria tend to lead to a prototypal approach Danielle is having problems with drinking. She goes to a psychologist who gives her a form to fill out. It has a list of statements about drinking and problems associated with drinking. She is to rate each item between 1 and 3—1 meaning it is not a problem for her, 3 meaning it is a very big problem for her, and 2 is in between. This is an example of: a rating scale a structured interview an analogue situation self-monitoring 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 To determine whether certain characteristics are true of people in general, and not just of people with mental disorders, it is important to use: an experimental design a representative sample of individuals with the disorder a control group a criterion group One disadvantage of early descriptions of schizophrenia, such as Kraepelin’s use of the term “dementia praecox,” is that: they assumed that what we call schizophrenia only occurred in elderly patients they were actually describing Alzheimer’s dementia, not schizophrenia they did not distinguish between the varying types of schizophrenia that we know about today they assumed the intellectual functioning of patients remained constant even as their bodies aged What is the term for the statistical approach that calculates and then combines the effect sizes from multiple studies? meta-analysis effect analysis multiple-effect analysis correlational analysis Statutory rape: describes sexual activity that occurs under actual or threatened forcible coercion is sexual activity with a person who is under the age of 18 is sexual activity with a person who is legally defined to be under the age of consent has only occurred when the rape victim has said “no” Which of the following psychodynamic elements of the personality can be described as impulsive and selfish? ego id superego ideal self Dagmar is a musician and she loves the fact that she constantly hears new melodies in her head. In fact, she cannot remember a time when she did not hear music. Why is this NOT an example of an obsession? Obsessions must be accompanied by ritualistic Obsessions must come on suddenly in response to a stressful life Obsessions must be voluntary thoughts that a person knows are Obsessions must be intrusive thoughts the person finds Research on memories of childhood sexual abuse that arise during therapy indicates that: there is yet no consensus on the accuracy of these memories these memories are mainly accurate these memories are mainly inaccurate these memories are induced by therapist pressure During the late nineteenth century, alienists: focused on removing evil demons from the psyche employed techniques such as drugging, restraint, and bleeding did not view mental illnesses as treatable incorporated moral management therapy into treatments 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 Normal human cells have: twenty-two chromosome pairs and one pair of sex chromosomes twenty-one trisomy chromosome pairs, one autosomal pair and one pair of sex chromosomes twenty-one chromosome pairs and two trisomy chromosome pairs twenty-four chromosome pairs Angela is 10 and has been a victim of sexual abuse. The short-term effects: will include dissociative symptoms will almost certainly produce severe changes in thought, feeling, and behavior generally involve a compensatory sense of control may include fears and sexual inappropriateness, but there is no single response syndrome Vascular dementia: is a result of many small strokes is what was once called amnestic infarct dementia responds to the same treatments as Alzheimer’s disease affects more women than men Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease differs from late-onset in that: it appears to be caused by rare genetic mutations symptoms invariably involve delusions and assaultive behavior genetics play little or no causal role environmental factors have no impact on the onset or the progression of the disorder Research on the families of children with conduct disorder suggests that: antisocial behavioral patterns may be learned environmental factors are rarely involved in disorders of childhood onset genetics do not play a role in the development of antisocial tendencies parental substance abuse is the greatest risk factor for early-onset conduct disorder Cross-cultural studies of tics find that: the types of tics seen most commonly vary with culture the average age of tic onset appears to be universal tics occur less frequently in cultures that are less expressive tics are always seen more frequently in females The Hill-Burton Act: ended the moral hygiene movement contributed to the practice of warehousing the mentally ill provided funding for mental health treatment in the community legislated the creation of 50% more inpatient facilities for the mentally ill B-cells are cells that: engulf antigens produce antibodies harm the immune system are antigens Compared to anxiety, panic is: less focused longer lasting slower to develop more intense Efforts to find the gene or genes that underlie bipolar disorder suggest that: multiple genes are involved the underlying gene is on the Y chromosome the underlying gene is on the X chromosome there is a genetic basis for bipolar disorder, but not for cyclothymia The use of drugs that have noxious effects as a method of punishment can be seen in: token economies aversion therapy guided exposure therapy EMDR therapy The pituitary gland: controls the release of hormones by the brain is part of the immune system produces adrenalin is important to the release of stress hormones 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 If a response has been learned through conditioning, it would be appropriate to treat it using the process of: displacement extinction spontaneous recovery stimulus-stimulus expectancy One important contribution of Freud’s theory was that: he truly understood the role of women in society he heavily utilized experimental evidence to support his theories he applied the same principles to normal and abnormal behavior he increased the focus on positive growth for individuals The empirical keying approach to making a test like the MMPI involves: subjective scoring of test items to assign items to different groups the creation of ambiguous stimuli where there are many possible responses picking items that differentiate between different groups, no subjective judgment is needed using theoretically based concepts to develop questions for different groups Studies of family concordance patterns for schizophrenia have found: little evidence of increased concordance with increased gene-sharing such strong correspondence between gene-sharing and diagnosis that environmental factors have been ruled out strong correspondence between gene-sharing and diagnosis but only for males that the more genetically related you are to someone with schizophrenia, the greater your risk of the disorder Which of the following is a type of “classical antidepressant”? GABA agonists monoamine oxidase inhibitors neuroleptics selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors Understanding the causes of mental disorders is important because: effective treatment is not possible without such an understanding classification of disorders cannot be done without such information such knowledge might make both the prevention and cure of mental disorders possible disagreements about the causes of psychopathology have long limited the advancements made in the study of abnormal psychology While can be used in treatment, it also a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired when others’ behavior is imaginal exposure systematic desensitization modeling contingency management Enlarged brain ventricles: are seen in all schizophrenics suggest that there has been a loss of brain tissue are more commonly seen in the brains of paranoid schizophrenics can be used to confirm a diagnosis of schizophreniform disorder The doctrine of the four humors: was an attempt to support moral management was an explanation for personality traits was an early suggested treatment for melancholy was the first psychological explanation of mental disorders Psychosis is a striking and essential feature of schizophrenia. Psychosis means: a tendency to be unpredictably violent a significant loss of contact with reality an inability to know right from wrong an abrupt shift in personality from one pattern to another Research on the role of genetics in the development of OCD suggests that: there may be “neurotic” personality factors that increase susceptibility to OCD altered serotonergic functioning is inherited genes do not play a role in OCD an abnormality on the X chromosome underlies OCD During the Middle Ages in Europe, which of the following was most likely to treat mental illness? a priest a physician a scientist a surgeon Currently, the cause of ADHD is believed to be: a combination of family pathology and poor peer modeling excessive sugar in the diet an allergic reaction to certain foods and food additives both biological and psychological factors “Repeated stimulation of the limbic system by discharges from the locus coeruleus may lower the threshold for later experiences of Then, through learning, controlled by the prefrontal cortex, the person actively avoids fearful situations.” This quotation most clearly refers to the biological processes involved in: obsessive-compulsive disorder panic disorder with agoraphobia generalized anxiety disorder social phobia Why is ritualized homosexuality practiced in Sambia? Women are viewed as Heterosexual intercourse is only acceptable between married Few adults are exclusively It permits semen 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 Benjamin Rush is credited with all of the following EXCEPT: signing the Declaration of Independence encouraging more humane treatment of the mentally ill taking a scientific approach to the study and treatment of mental disorders being the first American to organize a course in psychiatry Lanugo is: a soft hair that grows on the body of people with anorexia another name for an eating binge the term for the stopping of a woman’s menstrual periods the lack of concern people with anorexia show about their condition The long held belief that children with Down syndrome are especially placid and loving: has been supported by research is only true for those with higher IQs is only true for those with lower IQs has been shown to be invalid by research Caregivers of patients with Alzheimer’s disease: experience “social death” are at extraordinarily high risk for depression show high levels of ApoE, even if they do not show any outward anxiety symptoms are likely to show signs of cognitive deterioration Which statement best describes trends in actual and “ideal” (i.e. Playboy centerfolds and Miss America contestants) weight in American young women, according to the text? While the weight of the average woman is decreasing, the average weight of the ideal woman is decreasing even While the weight of the average woman is increasing, the average weight of the ideal woman is While the weight of the average woman is increasing, the average weight of the ideal woman is increasing even Weight of the average woman doesn’t seem to be affected by the average weight of the ideal Which of the following countries has the highest per capita rate of alcohol consumption? Argentina France Germany United States Which parenting skill or parental behavior is most associated with adolescent substance use? overindulging children by giving them too many gifts and privileges restricting children from any form of experimentation with alcohol and other drugs restricting the expression of positive emotions lack of monitoring the adolescent’s activities Which of the following is a consequence of organic impairment resulting from long-term substance use, as opposed to being a consequence of drug toxicity? alcohol amnestic disorder alcoholic intoxication amphetamine delusional disorder cannabis delirium A person with two or more well-developed identities has the disorder called: fugue state depersonalization disorder dissociative identity disorder localized psychogenic amnesia Which of the following is a criticism of the life event, interview-based scales? They do not recognize that joyful events can be They limit the kind of events that can be They do not recognize that multiple life changes will produce greater They are more expensive to The study of hypnosis and its relationship to hysteria was the starting point for: the medical model the biological classification of mental disorders psychoanalysis the mental hygiene movement People with schizophrenia may have difficulty with form of thought; in other words, their thoughts do not make sense. The observable sign of this is: a delusion a hallucination disorganized speech All of the Which of the following statements is true about alcohol use? Alcoholism is extremely serious but rarely Alcoholism is more common in women that in Alcoholism increases the risk of Alcoholism is strongly associated with accidental death, but not with violent In studies of the long-term outcomes of women treated for eating disorders, which of the following predicted poor outcomes for those diagnosed with anorexia or bulimia? depression presence of a personality disorder substance abuse OCD Which of the following is cross-culturally universal? acceptance of homosexuality as an alternative lifestyle attitudes toward premarital sex a distaste for extramarital sex between consenting adults men place a greater emphasis on their partner’s attractiveness Delilah is overweight. She likes to eat cookies and other sugary snacks, and often eats an entire package at one She is upset by this because she knows how important weight is to health, but she does not engage in any compensatory behaviors. Which of the following would be a likely diagnosis? anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa binge eating disorder purging disorder The stress glucocorticoid that is produced in humans is called: adrenalin estrogen cortisol repression 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 What is a culture-specific disorder? a disorder seen in all cultures a disorder that is seen universally, but presents itself differently depending on cultural factors a disorder that is a product of cultural stressors a disorder seen only in certain cultures Carl is asked to provide information about his drinking. Despite the fact that he has had several arrests for driving while intoxicated, Carl reports that he has no problems with drinking. This is an example of the problems: with self-report data with case studies of diagnosis of forming hypotheses What is the most serious challenge in treating eating disorders? making a diagnosis before the disorder becomes life threatening engaging the family in the treatment process finding an effective pharmacological treatment overcoming the patient’s ambivalence toward treatment DSM-III classification, which omitted the concept of neurosis, was an improvement because: each category now has a specific effective treatment now anxiety disorders are identified regardless of whether anxiety symptoms are expressed diagnostic criteria are now based on shared, observable symptoms and are more clearly defined each category is made up of symptoms that have one causal origin The need for rapport between a clinician and a client means: that the clinician and the client must feel friendly toward each other that someone who is court ordered will be an easy client clients don’t need to be given any feedback about their test performance the client must feel comfortable with the clinician and the assessment Social-skills training is most likely to be used in the treatment of: pedophiles rapists sadists exhibitionists Amber feels anxious almost all the time. She finds herself worrying that her husband will leave her (although he has never shown any indication that he would), that she chose the wrong job, that her children might not be safe at their school, and that she might get sick and leave her family in financial ruin. She calls her husband almost everyday to find out when he will be home. She complains to her physician that she is always tired but cannot sleep or relax. Amber’s most likely diagnosis is: generalized anxiety disorder generalized social phobia panic disorder with agoraphobia obsessive compulsive disorder In regards to stress research, a risk factor is something: about the nature of a stressor that makes it worse for most people in a person’s history that makes that person more vulnerable to stress in a person’s learning experiences that makes that person a thrill seeker in a person’s genetic makeup that makes that person respond well to stress A psychologist reports a single case of a disorder, detailing the person’s feelings and responses. This research strategy is: very strong and widely used in abnormal psychology rarely used in abnormal psychology because few people are willing to examine their own lives closely weak because it rarely provides information we can generalize to others with the disorder weak because it confuses correlational data with experimental data The extent of the deficits seen after brain damage are determined in part by: genetic factors how one is functioning before the damage occurs chemical imbalances in the brain the drugs a person was on When it comes to the effectiveness of treatment for dissociative disorders, we know: very little that medications are worthless, but that psychotherapy is quite effective that depersonalization is much more effectively treated than amnesia that antidepressant medications are most effective in treating dissociative identity disorder Jeremy suffers from dissociative amnesia. He probably: remembers only events from the past and does not remember skills he learned more recently can perform only simple tasks, regardless of the complex work that he was able to do previously is able to recognize close friends and relatives but not acquaintances had trouble remembering information stored before a traumatic incident Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of avoidant personality disorder? high extraversion and low openness to feelings high introversion and high neuroticism high antagonism and low neuroticism high agreeableness and high angry hostility 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 Which of the following statements about stress is correct? the response an individual will have to a stressor can be readily predicted cognitive factors do not play a role in determining the severity of stress some people are predisposed to respond poorly to demands changes in the level of external supports one has are unrelated to stress reactions Kellogg’s cornflakes were designed to be anti-masturbation food because it was believed that: eating meat increased sexual desire the amount of time it took to eat them would help distract people from sexual interests the effort it took to eat them would make people too tired to be interested in sex cereals and grains caused impotence According to the revisions made for the DSM-5, most people previously diagnosed with will be diagnosed with somatic symptom hypochondriasis factitious disorder somatization disorder body dysmorphic disorder Jill’s marriage has suffered ever since the birth of her second child. Since the birth, she has been depressed and has had little interest in intimacy with her husband. Jill feels unattractive with the additional weight she carries since the birth and has been rejecting her husband’s advances. After discussing her feelings with Tora, Dr. Tora has decided to prescribe her an antidepressant. Considering the problems she has been having in her marriage, which of the following is Dr. Tora most likely to prescribe? imipramine Prozac bupropion venlafaxine Which of the following was a reason for the growth of the deinstitutionalization movement? a desire to involve the family in the care of the mentally ill it was thought to be more humane new medications were not successful it was less cost effective than institutionalization The most common cause of neurocognitive disorder is: intracranial tumors severe or repeated head injury degenerative brain disease drug toxicity The National Comorbidity Survey-Replication indicated percent of people with mood disorders receive no treatment or inadequate 40 50 60 70 Francis has discovered that the more spaghetti people eat, the less likely they are to be diagnosed with depression. Based on this finding, what statement can be made about the relationship between spaghetti and depression? There is a positive correlation between spaghetti eating and There is a negative correlation between spaghetti eating and Spaghetti prevents There is no relationship between spaghetti eating and Research suggests that provides the best immediate and long-term outcomes in the treatment of bulimia systematic desensitization family therapy antidepressant medication cognitive-behavioral therapy A clinician is in an assessment interview with a new client. The clinician is having trouble determining an exact diagnosis, but must put something down before the client can receive treatment. What is one reason for this? The clinician has no more questions to The clinician has to become more The clinician has to show the evaluation took The clinician has to provide this information to the medical insurance When a nondepressed student lives with a depressed roommate, which of the following often results? frequent verbal fights, which may even become physical increased depression and hostility in the roommate who was not originally depressed a decrease in depression in the depressed roommate increased caretaking by the nondepressed roommate, but only after the nondepressed roommate becomes depressed Ruth experienced a stroke that severely damaged her occipital We can expect that she has an impairment in her ability to: think and talk using good judgment walk in a coordinated fashion understand what she sees do mathematical and word problems Betty was admitted to the hospital in a state of withdrawal from alcohol. She was diagnosed with alcohol withdrawal delirium (formerly known as delirium tremens). She most likely showed which of the following behaviors? delusions of grandeur and an inability to get to sleep disorientation for time and place and vivid hallucinations severe memory deficit and the tendency to falsify reporting events (confabulation) prolonged sleep followed by convulsions and heart failure The text reported the case of a 6-year-old boy who hated school and showed off in class. His parents and teacher were instructed to ignore the showing-off behavior while reinforcing appropriate behavior. This is an example of: systematic use of reinforcement modeling aversion therapy systematic desensitization What complicates the diagnosis of maladaptive behavior in childhood? behavior that is problematic for a child of one age is normal behavior for a child of a different age the dividing line between childhood and adolescence has been arbitrarily drawn most psychological disorders in the young have an identifiable environmental cause drugs are not effective in treating the disorders that are most commonly seen in children 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 Which of the following is included in the DSM-5? a discussion of the various causes of mental disorders a means of identifying different mental disorders a description of all conditions for mental illness a description of all of the possible treatments for each disorder A clinical social worker would provide a patient with help in which of the following areas? family therapy occupational therapy prescriptions clinical research Why is a representative sample desirable? Such samples are Hypotheses can only be tested on representative Only representative samples yield meaningful The more representative a sample is, the more generalizable the Which of the following is NOT a reason for using rating scales in clinical observation and self reports? to increase reliability to provide structure to decrease objectivity to allow standardized comparisons to be made Which of the following would be an example of anxiety? Julie jumped when she saw the Hilda dreaded walking home Carl was certain that the food was The voices in Paul’s head told him he should be Which of the following is an example of family aggregation? Both Jane and her husband are Jim and John, 21-year-old friends, are both Karen, her mother, and her grandmother all have been diagnosed with generalized anxiety Kim’s suicide was apparently a reaction to her mother’s Which of the following sex offenders is most likely to reoffend? a twenty-five-year-old pedophile a thirty-year-old rapist a twenty-year-old convicted of statutory rape an eighty-year-old sadist 100 MCQ in Abnormal Psychology – PSY 408 Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10