UTA BE 4382 Electrogastrography Detecting Electrical Activities & Processes Lab

UTA BE 4382 Electrogastrography Detecting Electrical Activities & Processes Lab ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON UTA BE 4382 Electrogastrography Detecting Electrical Activities & Processes Lab Hello, I need someone to write me a lab report about this experiment. This requires various equipment. You must be able do PERL programming. please pick the question if you can help. I have attached everything from notes to date and sample lab report in the bottom of this question. attachment_1 attachment_2 attachment_3 attachment_4 attachment_5 Updated 2.27.12 BSL PRO Lesson H34: Electrogastrogram From a Human Subject This PRO Lesson describes how to record an electrogastrogram (electrical activity from the stomach muscles) from a resting human subject. All data collection and analysis is done via the Biopac Student Lab PRO software. Objectives 1. To record EGG from a human subject using surface electrodes. 2. Analyze the frequency of the signal using a Fast Fourier Transform. 3. Optional: The subject will eat a meal and record the EGG signal before and after eating. Overview In a healthy individual, the stomach muscles contract at regular intervals, giving a rhythmic electrical signal that is recorded by the electrodes. In a healthy subject at rest, the rhythm of the contraction is approximately three cycles per minute (.05 Hz). The power and frequency of the signal changes after a subject eats a meal. Students will place three disposable surface electrodes on the surface of the abdomen above the stomach to record the electrogastrogram (electrical activity from the stomach muscles) from a fasting human subject and, if desired, after eating. ? Read more about the electrogastrogram at MedicineNet.com Equipment ? BIOPAC electrode lead set (SS2L) ? BIOPAC electrodes (EL503)—three per subject ? Electrode gel and abrasive pad (BIOPAC GEL1 and ELPAD) ? Computer running Windows XP or Mac OS X ? Biopac Student Lab PRO software (BSL 3.7.3 or higher) ? BIOPAC Hardware (MP36, MP35 or MP45) www.biopac.com Page 1 of 5 BSL PRO Lesson H34 BIOPAC Systems, Inc. Setup Hardware 1. Turn your computer ON. ? If using an MP36/35 unit, turn it OFF. ? If using an MP45, make sure USB cable is connected and “Ready” light is ON. 2. Plug the Electrode Lead (SS2L) into CH 2. 3. Turn ON MP36/MP35 unit. Software 1. Launch the BSL PRO software. 2. Open the template file by choosing File menu > Open > choose Files of type: Graph Template (*GTL) > File Name: h34.gtl or H34 Electrogastrogram.gtl Calibration ? None required. Subject 1. Prepare the subject. For best results a. Remove all substantial metal jewelry from the Subject. b. Make sure that the Subject is not touching any metal (metal pipes, chairs etc.). c. Clean and abrade skin around electrode sites. ? If the skin is oily, clean electrode sites with soap and water or alcohol before abrading. d. Apply a drop of gel to each electrode. 2. Place three EL503 disposable surface electrodes on the Subject as indicated below. Electrode Position a. Place two electrodes on either side of the upper abdomen above the stomach. b. Place a third electrode above one of the first two. Lead Color RED Top (side with two electrodes) BLACK Bottom (side with two electrodes) WHITE Opposite (side with one electrode) 3. Attach the SS2L electrode leads by color as indicated above. ? The pinch connectors work like small clothes pins; however they will attach to the electrode only on one side. You may have to rotate the pin to make sure the metal on the inside of the clip is connected, touching, and clamped onto the electrode at the base of the nipple. ? Clip connector cables to subject’s clothing, or place so that there is no strain on the electrode clips or the cable wires at any point in the set up. 4. Turn on the MP unit. www.biopac.com Page 2 of 5 BSL PRO Lesson H34 BIOPAC Systems, Inc. 5. Subject gets in a supine position, with eyes closed. It is important that Subject is completely still during the recording. 6. Wait 5 minutes after the electrodes have been attached to the skin to begin recording (this gives the gel time to settle and maximize conductivity). Recording 1. Click the Start button to begin recording. UTA BE 4382 Electrogastrography Detecting Electrical Activities & Processes Lab 2. Record at least 10 minutes of continuous EGG data from the Subject at rest and then click Stop. o A clinical EGG normally takes 2-3 hours (to record fasting and after a meal), but you can see the essential characteristics of an EGG recording in much less time. o The template is set for 60 minutes of recording, but it can be lengthened or shortened as desired. 3. Optional: Ask the Subject to sit up and eat some food. After eating, the Subject should lie down and relax. 4. Click Start to begin recording. 5. Record at least 10 minutes of continuous EGG data from the Subject after eating and then click Stop. The following shows sample data. Note that the first 30 seconds of data is not valid as the filters are settling. Sample Data www.biopac.com Page 3 of 5 BSL PRO Lesson H34 BIOPAC Systems, Inc. Analysis 1. To make sure all data is shown, select Display > “Autoscale Horizontal” followed by Display > “Autoscale Waveforms”. 2. Select an area of data (using I-beam tool) that does not include the filter settling time (approx. first 30 seconds). Note: If multiple recordings (segments) were performed (i.e. before and after eating), only select data in the first recording. An append event marker ( ) is displayed at the start of each recording. Sample Data Selection 3. Select FFT from the Transform menu. 4. Select “Pad with zeros”, “Remove mean”, “Magnitude”, “Linear”, “Remove trend”, and “Window Hamming”, and then click OK. FFT Dialog Selections 5. The system will perform an FFT over the selected region of data. 6. In the FFT graph, zoom in on the frequencies of interest (0 to approx. 0.5 Hz.) www.biopac.com Page 4 of 5 BSL PRO Lesson H34 BIOPAC Systems, Inc. Zoom in on frequencies of interest 7. Set the first measurement box for “F@Max” (Frequency at maximum amplitude) from the pull-down menu. 8. Select an area that encompasses the maximum amplitude and record the measurement “F@Max”. Note that the frequency units will vary depending on software used. In the example below, the units are in “mHz” which is milli-Hertz. The measurement should be close to .05 Hz (50 mHz), which represents three contractions per minute. Frequency at Maximum measurement 9. If you performed the test before and after eating, repeat the analysis for the second recording segment. o You should notice a change in amplitude and frequency. www.biopac.com Page 5 of 5 Electrogastrography BE 5382 11th February, 2014 Food Processing Components of the Digestive System Gastrointestinal tract (GI) is a continuous tube that consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. The lumen of this tube is continuous with the external environment. The accessory organs are the salivary glands, exocrine glands, and biliary system (liver and gallbladder). Digestive Tract Sructure ? mucosa – luminal surface. ? inner epithelial layer has exocrine and endocrine cells. ? middle lamina propria is connective tissue. ? muscularis mucosa is sparse layer of smooth muscle. ? ? ? submucosa – under the mucosa – large blood and lymph vessels. muscularis externa – between sub mucosa & serosa (outer layer) – an inner circular and outer longitudinal layer – contractions produce the propulsive and mixing movements. UTA BE 4382 Electrogastrography Detecting Electrical Activities & Processes Lab myenteric plexus – between the two smooth muscle layers – innervates stomach wall. Functions of the digestive system ? ? ? ? ? MOTILITY – movement of food through the digestive tract (ingestion, mastication, deglutition, peristalsis). SECRETION – both exocrine (water, acids, enzymes) and endocrine (gastrin, cholecystokinin, secretrin). DIGESTION – the breakdown of food molecules into their smaller absorbable subunits ABSORPTION – passage of digested end products into the blood or lymph. STORAGE & ELIMINATION – temporary storage and subsequent elimination of indigestible food molecules. GI Problems & Their Diagnosis ? GI Problems: ? ? ? ? ? Nausea Gastric Reflux Peptic Ulcer Irritable Bowel Syndrome Cirrhosis ? Clinical methods: – Electrogastrography; ?-raying methods; Endoscopy. – – What is EGG? ? Like ECG & heart Measures muscle activity related to the stomach and abdominal region. ? Measured from a baseline reading containing a regular rhythm. In a normal subject a current increase is observed after a meal. ? Still an early experimental procedure because it has yet to become a standard medical procedure. ? ECG electrodes are typically used ? Physiological Basis of EGG ? GI tract motility is a result of 2 complementary rhythms ? ? ? Slow wave activity ? smooth muscle contraction timing Electrical response activity ? peristaltic contractions Recognized in cells of the distal 2/3rd of the stomach Information from EGG ? ? ? Normal EGG has regular rhythm (similar to ECG) Electrical activity increases after meal No increase in case of abnormalities Gastric Activity ? ? ? ? ? Large intestine Stomach Ileum Jejunum Duodenum Freq. (Hz) Waves/min 0.01 – 0.3 0.03 – 0.07 0.07 – 0.13 0.13 – 0.18 0.18 – 0.25 2-17 3 8 11 12 Duodenum: Latin, duodeni ‘in twelves’ (approx. twelve fingers across) Jejunum: Latin, jejunus ‘fasting’ Ileum: Latin, ilia ‘flanks, entrails’ Gastric Alterations ? Bradygastria: < 2 cycles/min, 1 minute ? Tachygastria: > 4 cycles/min, 1 minute ? Associated with nausea, gastroparesis, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional dyspepsia Capabilities of EGG ? Slight increase in gastric frequency obtained after feeding. ? Frequency is the most reliable parameter for clinical applications. ? Recorded deviations will be related to gastric electrical abnormalities. Limitations of EGG ? ? ? ? Data obtained is difficult to analyze and abnormalities difficult to define. Interference from the duodenum and from the transverse and descending colon. Absence of standard technique or standard norms Noise must be reduced Experimental Objective ? ? ? To record EGG from a human subject using surface electrodes. Analyze the frequency of the signal using a Fast Fourier Transform. UTA BE 4382 Electrogastrography Detecting Electrical Activities & Processes Lab The subject will eat a meal and record the EGG signal before and after eating. Materials and Set Up • Biopac Materials : • Transducers: SS2L (Electrode lead set) • Disposable vinyl electrodes (EL503), Electrode gel (GEL1) • Acquisition unit (MP30), • Student Lab software v3.6.7 PC • Wall transformer (AC100A), serial cable (CBLSERA) or USB cable (USB1W) Recording ? ? ? ? BSL PRO – Open h34.gtl file (Z:) Subject relaxed and lying in supine position quietly, face upward (Minimal Body Movements to avoid EMG artifacts) Record at least 10 minutes of continuous EGG (no calibration) Ask the Subject to sit up and eat some food. After eating, the Subject should lie down and relax. Record for 10 minutes Analysis 1. Select a section of the raw EGG data by highlighting it with the I-beam tool. 2. Select FFT from the Analysis menu. 3. Select Remove mean, Remove trend, and Linear, and then click OK. FFT You will see a peak of activity close to .05 Hz, which represents three contractions per minute Repeat the analysis for the second segment. You should notice a change in amplitude and frequency Group: Subject: Hours after last meal: Gender: maxF(Hz) amplitude (mV) Baseline (lying down) (15 minutes) Reading 1 After intake (30 minutes) Reading 2 Analysis: Follow steps 1 to 8 from the procedure document, for each segment Remember FFT is under the Analysis tab Group: Subject: Hours after last meal: Gender: maxF(Hz) amplitude (mV) Baseline (lying down) (15 minutes) Reading 1 After intake (30 minutes) Reading 2 Analysis: Follow steps 1 to 8 from the procedure document, for each segment Remember FFT is under the Analysis tab BME 4382 Laboratory Principles, Spring 2016 Lab Title: Put the appropriate title Author Name: The one who is writing the report Experiment Date: When you conducted the study Submission Date: The date you submitted the report Subject Names: On whom the study was conducted Observer Names: Those who took the readings … Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10