Asignment: pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia

Asignment: pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON Asignment: pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia Use the image in “Discussion Question Resource (See attached) : Chest X-Ray” to answer the following Critical Thinking Questions. Examine the x-ray of a patient diagnosed with pneumonia due to infection with Mucor. Refer to the “Module 4 DQ Chest Xray” resource in order to complete the following questions. Asignment: pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia Critical Thinking Questions Explain what Mucor is and how a patient is likely to become infected with Mucor. Describe the pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia and at least two medical/nursing interventions that would be helpful in treating the patient. Examine the laboratory blood test results and arterial blood gases provided in “Discussion Question Resource: Laboratory Blood Test Results.” What laboratory values are considered abnormal? Explain each abnormality and discuss the probable causes from a pathophysiologic perspective. What medications and medical treatments are likely to be prescribed by the attending physician on this case? List at least three medications and three treatments. Provide rationale for each of the medications and treatments you suggest. discussionquestionresourcechestxray_student_02_11_13__1_.docx cxr__1_.ppt discussionquestionre Discussion Question Resource: Chest X-Ray © 2013. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Basic Chest X-Ray Interpretation Deb Updegraff, C.N.S., PICU X-rays- describe radiation which is part of the spectrum which includes visible light, gamma rays and cosmic radiation. Unlike visible light, radiation passes through stuff. When you shine a beam of X-Ray at a person and put a film on the other side of them a shadow is produced of the inside of their body. Different tissues in our body absorb X-rays at different extents: •Bone- high absorption (white) •Tissue- somewhere in the middle absorption (grey) •Air- low absorption (black) Be systematic : 1) Check the quality of the film Film Quality • First determine is the film a PA or AP view. PA- the x-rays penetrate through the back of the patient on to the film AP-the x-rays penetrate through the front of the patient on to the film. All x-rays in the PICU are portable and are AP view Film Quality (cont) • Was film taken under full inspiration? -10 posterior ribs should be visible. Why do I say posterior here? When X-ray beams pass through the anterior chest on to the film Under the patient, the ribs closer to the film (posterior) are most apparent. A really good film will show anterior ribs too, there should Be 6 to qualify as a good inspiratory film. Quality (cont.) • Is the film over or under penetrated if under penetrated you will not be able to see the thoracic vertebrae. Quality (cont) • Check for rotation – Does the thoracic spine align in the center of the sternum and between the clavicles? – Are the clavicles level? Verify Right and Left sides • Gastric bubble should be on the left Now you are ready • Look at the diaphram: for tenting free air abnormal elevation • Margins should be sharp (the right hemidiaphram is usually slightly higher than the left) Check the Heart • • • • Size Shape Silhouette-margins should be sharp Diameter (>1/2 thoracic diameter is enlarged heart). Asignment: pathophysiologic progression of the infection into pneumonia Remember: AP views make heart appear larger than it actually is. Cardiac Silhouette 1. R Atrium 2. R Ventricle 3. Apex of L Ventricle 4. Superior Vena Cava 5. Inferior Vena Cava 6. Tricuspid Valve 7. Pulmonary Valve 8. Pulmonary Trunk 9. R PA 10. L PA Check the costophrenic angles Margins should be sharp Loss of Sharp Costophrenic Angles Check the hilar region • The hilar – the large blood vessels going to and from the lung at the root of each lung where it meets the heart. • Check for size and shape of aorta, nodes,enlarged vessels Finally, Check the Lung Fields • • • • • • Infiltrates Increased interstitial markings Masses Absence of normal margins Air bronchograms Increased vascularity Hemothorax Discussion Question Resource: Laboratory Blood Test Results Laboratory Blood Test Results and Arterial Blood Gases Na 141 meq/L Mg 1.7 mg/dL pH 7.50 K 4.5 meq/L PO4 2.9 mg/dL PaO2 59 mm Hg on room air Cl 105 meq/L Glu, fasting 138 mg/dL PaCO2 25 mm Hg HCO3 29 meq/L Hb 13.7 g/dL BUN 16 mg/dL Hct 39.4% Cr 0.9 mg/dL WBC 15,200/mm³ Ca 8.7 mg/dL Lymphocytes 10% © 2013. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. … Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10