Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper

Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper Prompt/requirements: Sources: at least 6 Abstract Multimodal elements: at least 2, footnotes where needed. Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper Sections Length: 1500-2000 words Working bibliography with introduction about the source that make contribution to the paper Formatting: 12 pt, Times New Roman font MLA look at the rubric as well i have attached the original paper cp_rubric.pdf health_care_transparency.docx SUPERIOR GOOD COMPETENT NON-PASSING Thesis is a clear, logicallyframed exposition of a current, pressing problem in healthcare Illustrates exceptional ability to craft a clear exposition of a precisely-framed problem and sustain a cogent narrative. The essay addresses clear research questions with sophistication and specificity, describing, framing, and discussing the harms and context of the problem with purpose and precision. Problem is framed in a clear and reasonably specific manner. The essay addresses appropriate research questions with precision; it describes, frames, and discusses the harms and context of the problem with purpose and precision. Exposition of the problem lacks some clarity, but is still relevant and fairly specific. The essay is generally motivated by research questions while lacking some specificity. May not frame the problem clearly and narrowly, or may lack in description of the harms or historical causes of the problem. Exposition of the problem is vague, irrelevant, or lacking in specificity. Essay does not evince a research agenda, or does not succeed in framing a coherently-described problem. Problem is not justified in terms of harms, and/or lacks clearly-identified causes. Body of Research is coherent and varied, consisting of sources that are relevant, timely, and credible Research goes well beyond the minimum requirements for the assignment. Sources cohere in focus, but vary in terms of genre and disciplinary perspective. Student shows an exceptional ability to identify sources that are relevant and credible, offering deep evidentiary support for the essay’s arguments. Research goes beyond the minimum requirements for the assignment. Sources cohere in focus, but vary in terms of genre and disciplinary perspective. Student shows an ability to identify sources that are relevant and credible, offering good evidentiary support for the essay’s arguments. Shows effective control in both paragraph coherence and unity that leads to a wellstructured essay. Connections between problem statement and body paragraphs, and among body paragraphs, are usually clear. The structure of the paper serves the argument as well as adheres to the genre expectations of an academic essay for an academic audience. The writer selects and integrates a variety of evidence competently to support claims. Integrates the material appropriately, though not as smoothly as superior essays. The sources support and develop the argument, though not as rigorously as superior essays. Research meets the minimum requirements for the assignment. Sources mostly cohere in focus and offer some variety in terms of genre and disciplinary perspective. Not all sources are relevant and/or credible, leading to an occasional lack of support for the essay’s arguments. Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper Research does not meet the minimum requirements for the assignment in one or more ways. Sources may lack in coherence or variety. Not all sources are relevant, and/or credible, leading to a frequent lack of support for the essay’s arguments. Shows control in both paragraph coherence and unity that leads to a structured essay. Connections between problem statement and body paragraphs, and among body paragraphs, are only sometimes clear. The structure of the essay may detract from the argument but mostly adheres to the genre expectations of an academic essay for an academic audience. Lacks paragraph coherence and unity that leads to a well-structured essay. Connections between problem statement and body paragraphs, and among body paragraphs, are often unclear. The structure of the essay does not serve the argument, or may not adhere to the genre expectations of an academic essay for an academic audience. The writer generally selects a variety of evidence competently, but does not consistently support claims. Connection between claim and evidence may be occasionally unclear. The writer sometimes struggles to integrate material into an argument, and the source material occasionally overwhelms the argument. Prose is mostly clear and precise. The essay is usually free of errors in mechanics, usage, grammar and spelling. Prose features some lapses in clarity and precision. Minor errors are never so severe that the essay is difficult to follow. The writer generally selects and integrates evidence competently, but does not consistently support claims. Evidence may lack variety in one or more ways. Fails to synthesize body of research. Connection between claim and evidence is frequently unclear. Fails to integrate the material smoothly and appropriately into the argument. Prose often lacks clarity and precision, presenting difficulties for reader comprehension. Frequent sentence-level errors affect readability. Demonstrate s effective organization and style – for a particular purpose, within a particular genre, to a particular audience Situates, integrates, and contextualizes different types of evidence effectively while distinguishing the writer’s voice from those of sources Language, style, and tone appropriate to genre and audience Shows exceptional control in both paragraph coherence and unity that leads to a wellstructured essay. Connections between problem statement and body paragraphs, and among body paragraphs, are clear. The structure of the essay enhances the argument as well as adheres to the genre expectations of an academic essay for an academic audience.Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper The writer selects and integrates a variety of evidence (popular, scholarly, primarysource, secondary-source, and multimodal evidence) with exceptional facility to support claims. Able to integrate all sources smoothly and appropriately into an argument. The sources gracefully support and develop the argument without overwhelming the writer’s own voice. Prose is articulate, clear, and precise. The essay is virtually free of errors in mechanics, usage, grammar and spelling. expectations MLA Formatting, citations, and academic ethos MLA-formatted in-text citations are offered as appropriate throughout, material (language, ideas, information) is always properly attributed to sources, and the essay features a correctlyformatted Works Cited page. Essay features MLAformatted in-text citations and Works Cited page. Material (language, ideas, information) is always properly attributed to sources. Some errors in formatting. Essay features MLA-formatted intext citations and Works Cited page. Material (language, ideas, information) is always attributed to sources. Frequent or major errors in formatting. WR 39C – CONTEXTS PROJECT RUBRIC STUDENT NAME: GENERAL CHECKLIST: SOURCES: 6-8 scholarly sources ABSTRACT MULTIMODAL ELEMENTS: at least 2 Well-organized SECTIONS 1500-2000 words Working Bibliography GRADE: COMMENTS: Essay lacks MLA-formatted in-text citations and/or Works Cited page. Material (language, ideas, information) is not always properly attributed to sources. Lack of formatting. 1 Running head: TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICAL CARE Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Introduction Health care is critical and a sensitive component in the growth of a country. The ability to deliver quality health care helps to promote a health society which contributes to the economic development. Transparency in medical care promotes quality of health care (Down, 2011). Many governments tend to prioritize on healthcare in their budget to ensure the citizens are in a position to remain healthy at all times. Most of the developed government are vocal at encouraging people to take insurance covers that will play an essential role in promoting highquality health care. In the United States, the health care system is always faced by different challenges that have made the system to be rated low despite the high spending towards the health care system. The United States is leading in terms of health care cost in the world. Lack of transparency in medical care in the United States is among the issues that have led to low public confidence in the system. Description of the problem Lack of price transparency is an issue that has affected many individuals in the country, which leads to people getting discouraged from going to the hospital. There are people who are stuck in the hospitals due to high bills after treatment that they had never thought would happen (O’Brien, 2019). Some patient are taken to hospitals with critical conditions without time to enquire on the price and they end up suffering when the patients are discharged. The billing sometimes becomes unaffordable and the patient’s family are not in a position to predict the charges in a hospital. There are cases where families are forced to dispose of articles to meet the medical bills which could be avoided when there is price transparency. Price transparency helps 2 TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICARE the patient to go to the hospitals where they are in a position to afford. Promoting price transparency in health care will help the patients to compare different places will help to reduce the number of people who are stranded in hospitals due to hospital bills. Opacity in the price charged has made many people keep away from health care facilities in fear of being charged high rates. According to Kaplan, (2019) there are many people in the society who are in the community and they tend to avoid the health care facilities due to the expected high price in the facility. Some people end up trying their luck in their homes that at times lead them to become worse rather than improving on their condition.Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper There are other people who end up their conditions deteriorating hence requiring critical conditions that becomes more costly than the initial avoided prices. There are other people who end up losing their lives in the process. The author has recommended that the hospitals should be required to display their prices to the public to help them to compare the prices at all times. Lack of transparency in the pricing in health care has also led to increased discrimination in terms of races and origin. Health care facilities tend to charge different prices depending on the races (Betbeze, 2014). Various medical professionals are exploiting other individuals, such as blacks and Hispanics in their facility. They are charged very high prices that are unaffordable since they do not have a clue for the expected cost to be charged for the service. The discrimination is the key reason as to why the highest number of stranded people in the health facilities due to medical bills are blacks and other minor races in the United States. Price opacity needs to be addressed and not to be as a silent tool to execute discrimination. The number of insured people in the United States is decreasing rather than increasing in the onset of the government campaign for the importance of insurance. Price opacity has extended to the health insurance companies who are exploiting the public to pay high premiums 3 TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICARE for services that cannot be well defined in the policies. The poor people have ended up paying for insurance premiums from the low income and end up hatting substandard benefits. The health insurance companies have also not displayed to the public on the interests that the insured people get and the establishment of standard costs of premiums. People are ignoring the benefit of taking insurance covers in fear that they will get exploited. Insurance companies must also ensure they are in a position to promote transparency in their systems as a way of promoting high quality in health care. Reasons for lack of price transparency Lack of price transparency in health care is an issue that has developed in the United States over time. The problem started when congress denied Medicare the power to bargain with the drug makers to obtain the lowest possible prices (Epstein, 2019) .Unlike in other countries where the government negotiate the prices of drugs with the makers, in the United States, the price of drugs is not standardized. Medicare should be given the power to bargain with the drug makers to ensure that the United States health care system obtain the lowest prices. The government need to develop a system that will involve a collective bargaining for the price of drugs. The prices of the drugs should be standardized in the country to ensure all the pharmacies are in a position to sell drugs at the recommended price at all times. The second reason why there is price opacity in the health care facilities is due to a lack of government regulations to display the prices of health care. Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper The health ministry in the United States has not enforced a law that will require a mandatory display of the costs for comparison by the hospitals. The health professionals are taking advantage of the failed system to enforce a law that will compile them to display the prices to the public and also submit their books of accounts to the government auditors to ensure their compliance with the system. The government 4 TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICARE need to ensure that the health care facilities have always been forced to display their prices to allow the citizens to compare with other organization. According to Vivero (2019), Trump administration has started the process of enforcing a law that requires health facilities to display their prices. The third reason for the existence of opacity in prices of medicine is the conflict of interest between the suppliers and the health care operators. The drug makers are very close to the vendors and also tend to offer different prices for the customers in the market (Williams, 2020). They tend to sell the drugs to direct patients at the price that the retailers have agreed in the market. The government may not also be in a position to establish the real price because the sellers are afraid of losing benefits that they get from the purchase of the equipment and drugs through kickbacks and other benefits. The drug maker’s conflict of interest is also a vital cause of the existing opacity in the price of drugs. Lastly, a lack of transparency in health care price has been led to the existent of many private vendors in the United States who are targeting on profits. United States is one of the countries with dominance of private firms in health care including hospitals and insurance firms (Epstein, 2019). The private firms will always hide their identity to avoid scaring away the customers. Many of the private hospitals tend to fear that their display of low prices might be an indication of low quality offered in the hospital and hence might scare away potential customers. Other firms fear the notion that display of their high cost might lead to keeping off the customers. The government should make the display a requirement which will mean that charging high price in a private facility will be an indication of high-quality services. It will help to improve the services offered to the public. Beneficiaries of the existing problem 5 TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICARE Lack of transparency in the health care system has been an opportunity to leap benefits for other people. The biggest beneficiaries of the existing problem are the private hospitals in the United States (Epstein, 2019). The private firms have had an opportunity to maximize on the profits that they get from offering their desired prices depending on the person that they are handling. Private hospitals tend to charge very high prices to the patient, especially to those who are from high-income families. They are in a position to charge any amount that they deem fit to satisfy their profitability irrespective of the nature of the services that are offered. The situation is a good explanation on why the private sector in the United States have been developing at a high rate as compared to the public facilities. The doctors working in the public facilities have been able to develop their own private facilities where they recommend the patients to get better treatment hence maximizing on the opportunity. Assignment: Price Transparency in Health care and Medicine Paper Private pharmacies have also benefited from the existence of the problem since they are in a position to sell the drugs at their desired prices. The second beneficiary of the existence of the problem in the United States is the drug makers. The government has failed to negotiate prices with them, and hence they tend to sell the drugs at a higher rate than they would in the existence of government negotiation. The drug makers in the United States have been in a position to benefit through making very high profits in the market. The drug makers are also in a position to make more benefits from the returns that they get from the government procurement team in return to seal their secrets from the government. Thirdly, insurance companies are also beneficiaries of the failed price transparency health system in the United States. The insurance companies do not reveal their actual premium rate to the public, which has limited the ability of the public to make the appropriate decisions regarding the choice of an insurance firm. The insurance companies have taken advantage of people in the 6 TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICARE process of paying claims, and they tend to pay the amount that they feel like comfortable with the company rather than an agreed amount. Insurance companies have been able to make profits from the confusion in the price display. Lastly, the procurement personnel in the public health facilities have also benefited greatly through hidden corruption. The congress development of Medicare part D that violated the negotiation with the drug makers was an opportunity for the procurement individuals to take advantage of the situation (Blumenthal, Gustafsson, & Seervai, 2019). The public officers have the opportunity to make money through kickbacks from the drug makers to extend their services in the company. The government must ensure there is level ground for both the sellers and the general public. Addressing the problem Transparency in medical care is an issue that has attracted many concerned bodies in a bid to ensure there is the promotion of high quality of health care. The government is at the forefront of addressing the problem in the United States. Trump and his administration have highlighted the problem as one of the most urgent issues that should be addressed by the government. According to Vivero (2019) Trump is trying to end the secret negotiations in health care and ensure there is transparency. The government is also developing policies that will need all the hospitals to display their prices in the public for the public to be in a position to make an informed decision at all times. The journalists and scholars have also helped in exposing the existence of the problem to the public knowledge. The problem has plagued the United States citizens for very many years. In conclusion, the government need to ensure they have eliminated the opacity in the prices of health care. The current opacity in price in health care have is a form of injustice in the economy. 7 TRANSPARENCY IN MEDICARE References Betbeze, P. (2014). Why is healthcare price transparency so hard? Retrieved from https://www.healthleadersmedia.com/finance/why-healthcare-price-transparency-so-hard Blumenthal, D., Gustafsson, L. and Seervai, S. (2019). Price Transparency in Health Care Is Coming to the U.S. But Will It Matter? Retrieved from https://hbr.org/2019/07/pricetransparency-in-health-care-is-coming-to-the-u-s-but-will-it-matter Down, J. C. (2011). Transparency makes for good quality health care. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 183(1), 84-84. doi:10.1503/cmaj.111-2005 Epstein, L. (2019). 6 Reasons Healthcare Is So Expensive in the U.S. Retrieved from https://www.investopedia.com/articles/personal-finance/080615/6-reasons-healthcareso-expensive-us.asp Kaplan, J. (2019). One step closer: price transparency in healthcare. Retrieved from https://www.medicaleconomics.com/news/one-step-closer-price-transpa … Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10

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