Economics

Select 2 of the 3 discussion topics below:1. Health and Education: Discuss the education system in Nigeria. Utilize current statistics including the literacy rate of the population in your country. Describe the link between health and the education system.2. Health, Economic Status, and Poverty: Discuss the economic indicators related to Nigeria such as income per person, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and the percentage of GDP spent on health care. Compare and contrast to the United States. Discuss the relationship between health and productivity. Is there a relationship between health and health expenditure? Describe the relationship between expenditure on health and health outcomes. 3. Health System: Identify and discuss the current health system in Nigeria.Health Care Services: Discuss access to healthcare services and barriers to health care. Utilize reliable sources to support your writeupsUse headings that match the requirements for each module. Cite textbook, Include in-text citations per APA guidelines. Module 5: Culture and Health• Introduce the topic of culture related to health. Describe the relationship between culture and health. Discuss gender norms associated with your country of the interview (Nigeria)• From the literature or online resources, identify a minimum of 2 common cultural practices that are helpful or harmful to health. * Describe the cultural practice and the impact on health. Discuss a minimum of 2 cultural factors that impact health. Be as specific as possible about the direct impact of these factors on health. Utilize reliable sources, including your textbook, to support your paper. Be sure to cite your references. Use headings that match the requirements for each module. Cite textbook, Include in-text citations per APA guidelines. Module 6: Health Factors and Disease• Introduce the topic of occupational, environmental, nutritional or unintentional injury factors that impact health/disease.• Describe common occupational, environmental, nutritional, or unintentional injury factors. (Select 2 of the 4 factors) that impact health and discuss how they relate to health.• Describe health promotion activities (potential or actual) related to these factors to improve health status • Discuss findings from a recent (within 5 years) research article from a peer-reviewed journal that supports the health promotion activity (evidenced-based practices). Use headings that match the grading rubric.  Describe health promotion activities as a separate paragraph. Utilize reliable sources to support your writeups. Be sure to cite your references. Use headings that match the requirements for each module. Cite textbook, Include in-text citations per APA guidelines. NOTE: Creativity such as posting of maps, pictures, tables, and videos is expected for visual appeal and reader interest.

1. https://youtu.be/x-hYzRncxTc Watch the video and answer: What was the Opportunity Cost of buying the Xbox2. https://youtu.be/vpnxd31y0Fohttps://youtu.be/EMcDOE13AN8Watch these two videos and answer: What were the two sunk cost fallacies described in this video? Were they truly fallacies? Explain your answer.3. https://youtu.be/_rk2hPrEnk8 Watch the video and answer: In the chicken sandwich video, explain how there were so many economies of scale with respect to salt.4. https://youtu.be/vv1mFAMz0PEWatch the video and answer:  Consider the Tesla Gigafactory video. Describe an example each of 1) an economy of SCALE and 2) an economy of scope.

In this unit lesson, we discuss the benefits of implementing an ergonomics program. One of the most compelling reasons for the application of ergonomics is injury prevention. However, regardless of the moral and ethical arguments for injury prevention, businesses do not always find it cost-effective. In your opinion, what is the best way to bridge the gap between the cost of an ergonomics program and an increase in production/decrease in injury rates? Please include the name of the person or question to which you are replying in the subject line. For example, “Tom’s response to Susan’s comment.”ALSO PLEASE REPLY TO ANOTHER STUDENTS COMMENT BELOW Matthew: In nearly every job I have worked I have had this same debate: the cost of implementing an ergonomic program vs. the cost of not implementing one. In my opinion, when organizations skip out on investing in employees’ health through the implementation of an ergonomic program they are just sealing their own fate and will eventually end up paying the price through occupational injury/illness’ that could have been avoided with the implementation of a comprehensive ergonomic program. One way I have attempted to bridge this gap is through trialing different programs or software without fully investing. I have used human tech- which is a video-based software that identifies risk based on videos you take of employees performing tasks such as packing of lifting. When you can work with vendors to provide a free trial, sometimes the results you can get from this trial will be enough to convince management to make the investment in a program. One additional technique is to prepare and present the cost savings of avoiding an accident. Employers tend to focus on the initial investment and fail to be proactive- when in retrospect they may end up paying the same or more reactively. Making these numbers clear is a sure way to get management buy-in. Too often do organizations fail to look at an ergonomic program as an investment. A successful program will also tend to improve the increase in productivity as well as an increase in job satisfaction for employees. 

Briefly discuss the most common mistakes managers make and how they affect economic profit. Support your points with facts.  (Must be at least 350 words. Nothing less!) 

Identify a situation that involves making decisions using expected value, and detail the different options, expectations, and payouts. Discuss the risks involved with those expectations and, if applicable, the payouts. Include in your discussion an explanation of how to determine how much information to gather to minimize uncertainty. Finally, explain which decision should be made. REPLY TO MY CLASSMATE’S RESPONSE TO THE ABOVE QUESTIONS AND EXPLAIN WHY YOU AGREE? (A MINIMUM OF 150 WORDS)CLASSMATE’S POST Before my first year of college, I was working two jobs from 7 am to 11 pm every day. I was making good money for having no free time on my hands. I wanted to save money to buy a good car that could serve me through college. After a good amount of time, I save up a great amount of money to achieve my goal. I considered a couple of factors while going through my summer. Since I had no free time, I did not really have a summer or spent time with many people because I was at work. The opportunity cost would be me deciding to get a great car or any car at the time. My expected payout would be having my car and being able to go wherever I wanted at the time. Also, my payoff in the new car would be great since I would continue to work and be able to upkeep the car. My final decision was made for the long-term purpose and what I wanted to do with the car if I wanted it to survive for college or keep it long term. I continued to work and ended up buying a great car that lasted me.

Is real GDP per capita a perfect measure of living standard? Why? Share your thought on how to measure and compare living standard and quality of life. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gX21IO16S-k&feature=emb_title  100 words minimum 

Understanding what leads to shortages and surpluses is helpful in any business. Just as we’ve seen with our winter jacket company, these concepts are particularly relevant when it comes to products that consumers don’t need year-round. Demand and supply shift depending on the time of year. For this assignment, create and upload at least a 10-slide presentation with speaking notes identifying and discussing three products that have seasonal fluctuations in supply and demand. In addition, explain how producers can fill a market need during periods of reduced demand. How can you determine if the price will increase or decrease in the next twelve months? Be specific and thorough in your answer. Your presentation should have a reference slide with at least 1 citation

How does technology affect the economy of Japan, in the perspective of macroeconomics?

Estimate a hedonic model using the dataset provided and considering the following parameters (you should use the Regression option in MS Excel add-in Data Analysis)  Dependent variable – house price Independent variables – • Number of bedrooms • Number of bathrooms • Number of parking spaces • Distance from the Sydney CBD (kilometres) • Proportion of high-income people in the neighbourhood (earning >$2,000/week) • Proportion of Australian born people in the neighbourhood Note: The Excel output should be provided as an appendix (at the end of the report) and will not be counted towards the word limit. The Residual Output is not required.  2. Provide economic interpretations for the coefficients of the following variables (referring to the nature of relationships between these variables and house prices) (25 marks): (a). Distance from the Sydney CBD (kilometres) (b). The proportion of high-income people in the neighbourhood (earning >$2,000/week) (c). The proportion of Australian born people in the neighbourhood 3. (a). Briefly discuss two implications (one positive and one negative) arising from the relationship you discussed in question 2(a) on cities (10 marks). (b). Briefly discuss two ways in which governments can address the negative consequences of the relationship depicted in 2(a) (7.5 marks). (c). Briefly identify two consequences of the relationship represented in 2(b) on cities (7.5 marks)

Each of you (individually) will analyze a case study and prepare a two-part 7-page report on a practical labor economics problem. The first part should be a 2-page memo in which you need to, in a succinct way, convey the nature of the problem, your solutions, and their consequences. The second part should be a more detailed technical report (5 pages) backing the conclusions in your memo. The goal is to put you in the shoes of an expert and you can think of me as a decision-maker who will follow your recommendation.  Case study for this year is “The consequences of COVID-19 for the U.S. labor market” COVID-19 global pandemic has a significant impact on the labor markets in the U.S. and globally. It tested the efficiency and robustness of labor market institutions and generated a myriad of policies at both local and national level aimed to remediate its consequences for current and future workers. Furthermore, firms also responded with both altered demand as well as working arrangements for their workers. Many economists and policymakers have made analyses and predictions about the consequences of the epidemic for the labor market and jobs, and in particular for different types of occupations. Building on all this, your goal in this case study is three-fold: (1) Describe the state of the U.S. labor market pre-pandemic. Focus on labor demand and supply as well as types of jobs, immigration, and employment conditions. Provide information on core labor market institutions in the U.S. e.g., unemployment insurance, disability benefits, leave regulations. Please use statistical facts and scientific evidence to back your description. (10 points) (2) Describe how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the U.S. labor market between its start in February 2020 and the current situation in August 2020. What happened to U.S. employment and unemployment? Were the consequences heterogeneous across sectors, types of jobs, educational groups, gender, race/ethnicity, etc.? How about spatial variation? What about experienced workers vs. new graduates? Please use statistical facts and scientific evidence to back your description. (10 points) (3) Propose a new policy or modification to an existing policy that would ameliorate the impact of COVID-19 on the U.S. labor market. Please make sure that the policy is feasible to implement in terms of both resources and politics. Pay particular attention to issues of scalability, compliance, potential externalities, and cost-benefit analysis. Justify your choice and thought process using data and/or economic models. (10 points) Note: guidelines in points (1) to (3) above are intentionally vague. I want you to own the project and research topics that are particularly exciting to you. In that, you do not need to cover all the example questions above and you should add more information specific to the focus of your technical report. I do require, however, that you include all three sections in your work i.e., you need to talk about the description of the labor market pre- and during the pandemic as well as about your proposed policy. This content should be included in both memo and report. The memo is a policy-focused, succinct summary of your report. Please contact me if you have any questions about either part of the project.