Nursing

Adult Age Continuum Primary Care
Adult Age Continuum Primary Care
Permalink:
Question 6: Sam, age 78, presents to the clinic with respiratory symptoms. His pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are as follows: a normal total lung capacity, a decreased PaO2, and an increased PaCO2. On assessment, you auscultate coarse crackles and forced expiratory wheezes. What is your diagnosis?
Asthma
Emphysema
Chronic bronchitis
Influenza
Question 7. You are using the CURB-65 clinical prediction tool to decide whether Mabel whom you have diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) should be hospitalized or could be treated at home. Her score is 3. What should you do?
Consider home treatment.
Plan for a short inpatient hospitalization.
Closely supervise her outpatient treatment.
Hospitalize and consider admitting her to the intensive care unit (ICU).
Question 9. Marci has been started on a tuberculosis (TB) regimen. Because isoniazid (INH) may cause peripheral neuropathy, you consider ordering which of the following drugs prophylactically?
Pyridoxine
Thiamine
Probiotic
Phytonadione
Question 11. Nathan, a 32-year-old policeman, has a 15-pack year history of smoking and continues to smoke heavily. He gets irate during every visit when you try to talk to him about quitting. What should you do?
Just hand him literature about smoking cessation at every visit.
Wait until he is ready to talk to you about quitting.
Just document in the record that he is not ready yet.
Continue to ask him at every visit if he is ready yet.
Question 12. Your patient has decided to give Chantix a try to quit smoking. You are discussing his quit date, and he will begin taking the medicine tomorrow. When should he plan to quit smoking?
He should stop smoking today.
He should stop smoking tomorrow.
His quit date should be in 1 week.
He will be ready to quit after the first 30 days.
Question 18. Your patient is on Theobid for his asthma. You want to maintain his serum levels between:
0 to 5 µg/mL.
5 to 10 µg/mL.
5 to 15 µg/mL.
10 to 20 µg/mL.

Assignment: Epidemiological Investigation
Assignment: Epidemiological Investigation
Permalink:
One of the important concepts from the Nuremberg Code is that of ____, which means that the subject understands the scope of the study and can make an informed decision to participate. Assignment: Epidemiological Investigation
informed consent
voluntary consent
beneficence
primary agent
Question 2
The biological cause of a problem or disease is known as ____.
hypothesis
etiology
consent
agent
Question 3
The first step in any epidemiological investigation is to ____.
understand causation
establish risk factors
track trends and determine if particular diseases are increasing or decreasing in the population
describe the population demographically by age, race, sex, education, and other relevant indicators
Question 4
HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is currently a ____.
non-modifiable risk factor
pandemic
modifiable risk factor
distribution
Question 5
Physical, biological, social, cultural, and behaviors that influence health are known as ____.
risk factors
health-related states
agents
determinants
Question 6
The normal occurrence of a disease or condition common to persons within a localized area is known as a(n) ____.
transmission
pandemic
endemic
epidemic
Question 7
A disease or condition that affects a greater than expected (normal) number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time is referred to as an ____.
epidemic
endemic
outbreak
epidemic threshold
Question 8
For chronic diseases, the time between exposure and symptoms is called the ____ period, which can range from a few months to many years.
latency
incubation
temporal
plausibility
Question 9
Risk factors or exposures that we think might affect the outcome are known as ____.
indirect causes
direct causes
dependent variables
independent variables
Question 10
A test given to people who have no symptoms to check for the presence of a particular disease is known as a ____.
predictive value
diagnosis
prevention
screening test
Question 11
Identifying diseases prior to the clinical stage means that prevention efforts can begin immediately. Because the disease is already present, this is an example of ____ prevention.
primary
secondary
tertiary
quaternary
Question 12
The modern epidemiologic triangle includes groups of populations, causative factors, and ____.
alternate explanations
risk factors
results
coherence
Question 13
The aspect of consistency means that ____.
an increasing amount of exposure increases the risk
the association should be compatible with existing theory and knowledge
the association is consistent when results are repeated in studies in different settings using different methods
the findings agree with currently accepted understanding of pathological processes
Question 14
While Austin Bradford Hill is well-known for his work in developing guidelines for establishing causality for studies of non-infectious diseases, his other contributions to the field of epidemiology and ____ are remarkable.
psychology
statistics
sociology
mathematics
Question 15
The number of new cases of disease in a specified time (usually one year) divided by the population “at-risk” to develop the disease is known as ____.
prevalence proportion
incidence rate
contingency
case severity
Question 16
The number of existing cases of disease divided by the population is known as ____.
crude rate
person time
incidence rate
prevalence proportion
Question 17
A proportion measured over a period of time is known as a ____.
period prevalence
prevalence proportion
point prevalence
rate
Question 18
Prevalence equals ____.
incidence times duration of disease
incidence divided by duration of disease
incidence plus duration of disease
incidence divided by duration of disease times 100
Question 19
Consider a food borne illness that is being investigated from a restaurant during a one week period. Anyone who ate at that restaurant, and had vomiting and diarrhea during that week, could be considered a(n) ____ even if they had not gone to see their doctor.
incidence
prevalence
suspect case
case
Question 20
While many people are used to hearing proportions represented as a percentage, many population samples in epidemiology are often presented per ____.
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
Question 21
The representation of a numerator as a fraction of a denominator is known as a(n) ____.
proportion
rate
incidence rate
specific rate
Question 22
A table in epidemiology that arranges numbers to allow the comparison of exposure and outcome is called a ____ table.
proportion
contingency
specific
crude
Question 23
A(n) ____ is an infected individual capable of transmitting disease during and after clinical disease.
convalescent carrier
passive carrier
active carrier
inactive carrier
Question 24
One of the most important emerging problems with the control of infectious diseases has to do with ____.
deadly parasitic infections
antibiotic resistant viral infections
antibiotic resistant bacterial infections
vaccine resistant viral infections
Question 25
The disease carrier of most concern is known as a(n) ____, which is an infected person who never gets clinically ill, but can transmit the etiologic agent to others.
healthy or passive carrier
pregnant carrier
convalescent carrier
active carrier
Question 26
Infectious diseases are responsible for ____% of worldwide deaths in children under 15 years old and ____% of deaths in people aged 15-59 years old.
90; 70
98; 50
50; 90
20; 80
Question 27
If a bacterium carries several resistance genes, it is called a ____.
multidrug resistant drug or super-drug
multidrug resistant bacterium or superbug
resistant bacterium or streptococcus bacterium
killer bacterium or deadly bacterium
Question 28
____ is the transmission of a disease from person to person, and may be directly from one person to another, or indirectly from one person through an intermediate item to another person.
Horizontal transmission
Vertical transmission
Quick transmission
Polar transmission
Question 29
There is ____ in the overall crude death rate in the United States from the year 1900 until 1996.
a definite increase
a slight decrease
hardly any change
a clear decline
Question 30
____ is the transmission of a disease from mother to child during pregnancy or delivery.
Horizontal transmission
Vertical transmission
Lateral transmission
Polar transmission

Assignment: Biopsy of the cysticerus
Assignment: Biopsy of the cysticerus
Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 12 on page 368 and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 13 on page 400. Answers should be submitted in a word document with any associated references used.?
Answer Clinical Application Questions 1-3 for Chapter 12 on page 368
a) A girl developed generalized seizures. A CT scan revealed a single brain lesion consistent with a tumor. Biopsy of the session showed cysticerus. The patient lived in South Carolina and had never traveled outside the state. What parasite caused her disease? How is this disease transmitted? How might it be prevented?
Permalink:
b) A California farmer developed a low-grade fever, myalgia, and cough. A chest X-ray exam revealed infiltrate in the lung. Microscopic exam of the sputum revealed round budding Cells. A sputum culture grew mycelia and arthroconidia. What organism is most likely the cause of the symptom? How is this disease transmitted? How might it be prevented.
c) A teeaged male in California complained of remittent fever, chills, and headaches. A blood smear revealed ring-shaped cells in his red blood cells. He was successfully treated with primaquine and chloroquine. The patient lives near the San Luis Rey River and has no history of foreign travel, blood transfusion, or intravenous drug use. What is the disease ? How was it
acquired?
and Clinical Application Question 1-3 for Chapter 13 on page 400.
A) A 40 year old man who was seropositive for HIV experienced abdominal pain, fatique, and low grade fever (38 degree C) for 2 weeks. A chest X-ray exam revealed lung infiltrates. Gram and acid fast stains were negative. A viral culture revealed the cause of his symptoms: a large , enveloped polyhedral virus with double-stranded DNA. What is the disease? Which virus causes it? Why was virus culture done after Gram and acid-fast stain results were obtained
B) A new born female developed extensive vesicular and ulcerative ; lesions over her face and chest. What is the most likely symptoms? How would you determine the viral cause of this disease without doing a viral culture?
C) By May 14, two people living in the same household had died with five days of each other. Their illnesses were characterized by abrupt onset of fever, muscle pain, headache , and cough, followed by rapid development of respiratory failure. By the end of the year, 36 cases of the disease, with a 50% mortality rate, had been confirmed. A member of the Orthomyxoviridae, Bunyaviridac, or Adenoviridac could cause this disease . Differentiate among these families by method of transmission, morphology, nucleic acid, and type of replication. The reservoir for this disease is mice. Name the disease .

Cell Biology Discussion
Cell Biology Discussion
Permalink:
University of Phoenix
Complete the University of Phoenix Material: What Is Life? Worksheet.
University of Phoenix Material
What Is Life?
Part I: Media Relevancy
Read each statement.
Write a 100-word summary explaining how the chosen media piece supports the statement. Include reference citations.
1. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that recognizes the fundamental concepts of chemistry in biology. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand how fundamental concepts of chemistry affect biology.
2. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that describes the energy metabolism of cells. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand the energy metabolism of cells.
3. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—that compares the structures and functions of different cell types. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better compare structures and functions of different cell types.
4. Find a media piece—article, video, presentation, song, or other—related to the scientific method, creating hypotheses, or designing experiments. Include the link or reference citation for the piece and describe how it helped you better understand how the scientific method is used to create hypotheses and experiments.
Part II: Applying Science to Everyday Life
Recently, Earl attended a picnic at his daughter’s school. The picnic was a potluck, and the food was served outdoors. Contributions included hamburgers, hot dogs, baked beans, potato chips, potato salad, coleslaw, apple pie, and vanilla ice cream. Within 24 hours of the picnic, several attendees developed symptoms of food poisoning. Of the 50 people who attended the picnic, only 30 people became ill. Every person at the picnic ate something, but not every person had an opportunity to sample each item. Earl noticed that the potato salad he started to eat was warm. He also noticed that his hamburger was somewhat pink in the middle and not fully cooked. Earl wonders if eating the hamburgers or the potato salad could be responsible for making some attendees ill. Earl has begun to apply the scientific method to this common problem. Complete each of the following tasks in 200 to 300 words.
1. How would the scientific method help Earl create an experiment to determine which food sources made people sick?
2. Describe the steps of the scientific method Earl utilized.
3. Describe the remaining steps Earl will use if he decides to use the scientific method to determine what made the people sick.

Assignment: Alcohol Abuse
Assignment: Alcohol Abuse
Permalink:
Mr. Wilko is a 40-year-old salesperson with a wife and three teenage children. He has recently begun to have a beer at lunch and a few drinks after work to reduce his work-related stress. An economic downturn in the housing industry has reduced the need for new home appliances and his income and sales record has been affected. Several other salespeople have been laid off at his firm. He has been told that if his sales and attendance records do not improve he will be fired. He and his wife are constantly arguing about finances and the children’s increasing demands for money. His drinking has increased to several beers at lunch and continued drinking after dinner. When he returns to work with alcohol on his breath, he is dismissed from his job. He continues to consume alcohol during the day as he attempts a job search. His wife is very concerned, as are his teenage children. Assignment: Alcohol Abuse
Mr. Wilko states he is a social drinker and “can stop at any time.” How accurate is his self-assessment?
What stressors are present in Mr. Wilko’s case?
Why does Mr. Wilko continue to increase his alcohol intake? Assignment: Alcohol Abuse
What changes in liver function can Mr. Wilko expect if he continues to drink large amounts of alcohol?
Mr. Wilko complains to his wife that all the stress is causing “indigestion.” How do stress and alcohol consumption affect GI function?
Why is Mr. Wilko at greater risk of trauma? Assignment: Alcohol Abuse
Question # 2
Gastrointestinal Disorders
A 50-year-old man has been suffering from substernal pain for the last 5 months, particularly on waking up in the morning. He lost his job a year ago and was suffering from depression. He consumes about 12–16 cans of beer every day. He has lost his appetite too and says that eating aggravates pain.
Is this acute or chronic gastritis?
What factors may lead to the development of gastritis?
What investigation should be performed?
How can the patient be treated?
Present your work in a two- to three-page Word document.
Submit a two- to three-page Word document with your diagnoses.

Case Study: Humanistic Psychology Movement
Case Study: Humanistic Psychology Movement
Question # 1
What were the main tenets that leaders of the Humanistic Psychology Movement presented to the American Psychological Association in order to justify becoming its own Division? Why might these tenets have been chosen as significant to the justification of a separate division?
question #2
The First Old Saybrook Conference (1964) was a significant event in the history of psychology. Attendees such as Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May, and Gordon Allport represented several major schools of thought in the budding humanistic psychology movement. What did Maslow, Rogers, May, and Allport express as necessary components of the Humanistic Psychology Movement? In what ways did the schools of thought expressed by these conference attendees contribute to humanistic psychology’s place in America? Explain.
ONE SUBSTANTIVE PAGE EACH ACCOMPANIED WITH TWO SCHOLARLY REFERENCES EACH
Question # 1
What were the main tenets that leaders of the Humanistic Psychology Movement presented to the American Psychological Association in order to justify becoming its own Division? Why might these tenets have been chosen as significant to the justification of a separate division?
question #2
The First Old Saybrook Conference (1964) was a significant event in the history of psychology. Attendees such as Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May, and Gordon Allport represented several major schools of thought in the budding humanistic psychology movement. What did Maslow, Rogers, May, and Allport express as necessary components of the Humanistic Psychology Movement? In what ways did the schools of thought expressed by these conference attendees contribute to humanistic psychology’s place in America? Explain.
ONE SUBSTANTIVE PAGE EACH ACCOMPANIED WITH TWO SCHOLARLY REFERENCES EACH
The First Old Saybrook Conference (1964) was a significant event in the history of psychology. Attendees such as Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May, and Gordon Allport represented several major schools of thought in the budding humanistic psychology movement. What did Maslow, Rogers, May, and Allport express as necessary components of the Humanistic Psychology Movement? In what ways did the schools of thought expressed by these conference attendees contribute to humanistic psychology’s place in America? Explain.

Assignment: Focused Ear Exam
Assignment: Focused Ear Exam
Martha brings her 11-year old grandson, James, to your clinic to have his right ear checked. He has complained to her about a mild earache for the past two days. His grandmother believes that he feels warm but did not verify this with a thermometer. James states that the pain was worse while he was falling asleep and that it was harder for him to hear. When you begin basic assessments, you notice that James has a prominent tan. When you ask him how he’s been spending his summer, James responds that he’s been spending a lot of time in the pool.
To prepare:
With regard to the case study you were assigned:
· Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide.
· Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient.
· Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?
· Identify at least 5 possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.
Note: Before you submit your initial post, replace the subject line (“Week 5 Discussion”) with “Review of Case Study ___,” identifying the number of the case study you were assigned.
Post an episodic/focused note about the patient in the case study to which you were assigned using the episodic/focused note template provided in week 5 resources. Provide evidence from the literature to support diagnostic tests that would be appropriate for each case. List five different possible conditions for the patient’s differential diagnosis and justify why you selected each.
Permalink:
Martha brings her 11-year old grandson, James, to your clinic to have his right ear checked. He has complained to her about a mild earache for the past two days. His grandmother believes that he feels warm but did not verify this with a thermometer. James states that the pain was worse while he was falling asleep and that it was harder for him to hear. When you begin basic assessments, you notice that James has a prominent tan. When you ask him how he’s been spending his summer, James responds that he’s been spending a lot of time in the pool.
To prepare:
With regard to the case study you were assigned:
· Review this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights they provide.
· Consider what history would be necessary to collect from the patient.
· Consider what physical exams and diagnostic tests would be appropriate to gather more information about the patient’s condition. How would the results be used to make a diagnosis?
· Identify at least 5 possible conditions that may be considered in a differential diagnosis for the patient.
Note: Before you submit your initial post, replace the subject line (“Week 5 Discussion”) with “Review of Case Study ___,” identifying the number of the case study you were assigned.
Post an episodic/focused note about the patient in the case study to which you were assigned using the episodic/focused note template provided in week 5 resources. Provide evidence from the literature to support diagnostic tests that would be appropriate for each case. List five different possible conditions for the patient’s differential diagnosis and justify why you selected each.

Synthesis Conclusions and Recommendations
Synthesis Conclusions and Recommendations
Write a brief one-paragraph scenario for a fictitious client. Include the following information: presenting concerns (reason for referral), age, gender, ethnicity, language(s), and any other significant information (e.g., military status, health issues, marital status, sexual orientation, etc.).
Debate the arguments supporting and opposing the use of projective and objective personality assessments with your identified client.
Select a minimum of one objective and one projective measure to use with your client. Compare the use of the selected projective and objective personality measures with your identified client.
Analyze the advantages and limitations of each assessment measure you selected.
Compose recommendations to improve the validity of personality assessment.
Permalink:
The Evaluation of Objective and Projective Measures of Personality
Must be four to six double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Must include a separate title page with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources published within the last 15 years in addition to the course text.
Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Section 3: Synthesis, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Write a brief one-paragraph scenario for a fictitious client. Include the following information: presenting concerns (reason for referral), age, gender, ethnicity, language(s), and any other significant information (e.g., military status, health issues, marital status, sexual orientation, etc.).
Debate the arguments supporting and opposing the use of projective and objective personality assessments with your identified client.
Select a minimum of one objective and one projective measure to use with your client. Compare the use of the selected projective and objective personality measures with your identified client.
Analyze the advantages and limitations of each assessment measure you selected.
Compose recommendations to improve the validity of personality assessment.
The Evaluation of Objective and Projective Measures of Personality
Must be four to six double-spaced pages in length (not including title and references pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the
Must include a separate title page with the following:
Title of paper
Student’s name
Course name and number
Instructor’s name
Date submitted
Must use at least three peer-reviewed sources published within the last 15 years in addition to the course text.
Must document all sources in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Must include a separate references page that is formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
Carefully review the for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

Assignment: Cell And Lokiarcharum
Assignment: Cell And Lokiarcharum
Permalink:
For your primary post, please respond to one of the following three topics with a post of at least 125 words that addresses each point given in the instructions.
Topic 1
: Introduction to the Cell. Watch the Khan Academy video “Introduction to the cell” (1)* and then address the following issues.
(a) In the video, the narrator says that we might think that since cells are so small, that they must be simple, but “nothing could be further from the truth.” What did he mean by that?
(b) Describe features that are only found in eukaryotic (but not prokaryotic) cells.
(c) Did anything in this video surprise you, or was it mainly a recap of material you already knew?
Topic 2 [article]: Lokiarchaeum. Read about Lokiarcheum in the article by Yong (2)* and/or the article by Zimmer (3)*. Both articles describe recently discovered evidence about a previously unknown organism. Then, address the following issues:
(a) Lokiarchaeum may be a “transitional form” between archaea and eukarya. What evidence suggests this?
(b) Describe one way that this relates to this week’s lesson.
(c) Cite whichever article you use. If you use both, cite them both. There’s no particular reason why you should need any other source, but if you do use any other source, you must cite it, too.
Topic 3 [research]: Carl Woese. Carl Woese (b. 1928, d. 2012) worked out a new method for classifying organisms based on RNA from their ribosomes. This is called ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Research Carl Woese’s research on the Internet, and then address the following issues:
(a) Describe the basic logic of this Woese’s approach. In other words, how can you tell if two organisms are closely-related or distantly-related from their rRNA?
(b) Name one of Woese’s most important findings.
(c) Describe one way that this relates to this week’s lesson.
(d) Don’t forget to cite your source or sources!
References ( Use this format).
Khan Academy, November 29, 2017. Introduction to the cell,
Ed Yong, May 6, 2015. New Loki microbe is closest relative to all complex life,
Carl Zimmer, May 6, 2015, Under the sea, a missing link in the evolution of complex cells,

Assignment: Glacial Recession
Assignment: Glacial Recession
Permalink:
I.Multiple choice questions. Please bold or underline the correct answer (1point each=50 points)
1. Suppose you conduct an experiment which simulates glacial recession over time. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
Glacial mass
Sunlight
The season
Time
2. How many dependent variables can be tested during any single experiment?
4
3
2
1
3. An integrated explanation of numerous hypotheses is known as a ________.
Fact
Law
Control
Theory
Guess
4. When writing a lab report or a research paper, you need to show what the difference is between the “Results” section and the ”Discussion” section. Which of the following is correct?
TheDiscussionanalyzes data, whereas theResultsanalyzes the procedure.
TheDiscussionanalyzes data, whereas theResultsdisplays data.
TheDiscussiondisplays data, whereas theResultsanalyzes the Discussion.
TheDiscussiondisplays the procedure, whereas theResultsanalyzes the data.
5. What is the surface area of a football field which is 120.00 yards long and 53.30 yards wide?
5,383.40 m3
538.34 m3
5,383.40 m2
538.35 m2
6. Why are volumetric measurements defined as a “cubed” unit?
Because the typically describe shapes which are cuboidal.
Because three different shapes are used to measure one larger shape.
Because three individual units are multiplied together.
Because the metric system requires volumes to be expressed as cubed units.
7. What factor do you need to multiply by to convert kilometers to micrometers?
10-9
109
10-6
106
8. What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus?
Elecctrons
Protons
Neutrons
Protons and neutrons
Protons and electrons
9. Which of the following describes H20, NaCl, CO2, and HCl?
All are acids
All are gases
All are salts
All are inorganic molecules
10. Which of the following correctly describes a buffer?
A buffer converts an alkaline solution to neutral
A buffer converts an acid solution to neutral.
A buffer converts alkaline solutions to acid solutions.
A buffer converts strong bases or acids to weak bases or acids.