Political science

You are the manager of a small department within a local government. You want to develop processes for effective decision-making with your newly assembled leadership team, but you want to ensure that you are not acting in an overly authoritative manner.Develop your findings and recommendations in which you discuss the items below.Determine different decision-making tactics that would be more appropriate for improving communication within a small team or group of about four to six mid- to high-level managers.Discuss the different types of power that you could conceivably employ in coming to the most appropriate decision-making processes.Differentiate between the sources and exercises of power that would be most appropriate for this group in the context of public administration organizational behavior.Provide an example from your own personal experiences of positively engaging in decision-making processes when you have not been the manager or in charge of the decision-making process.Your case study must be at least two pages in length and follow APA guidelines throughout. A minimum of two outside sources, not including the textbook, is required. No abstract is necessary.

You must write an essay (500 words minimum) in which you address the following two questions or topics:The fundamental values that inform how are democratic government is legitimated and organized are enshrined on the Declaration of Independence and in the Constitution of the United States.Identify and discuss the basic ideals and principles of American democracy and how they are applied in our republican form of government.Those ideals and principles are discussed in the first and second chapters of your textbook. You can also visit the following websites to read the original document in which these fundamental values were first stated and how they were later incorporated in the American Constitution:The Declaration of Independence: http://www.ushistory.org/declaration/document/The Constitution of the United States: https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcriptIdentify the most important Supreme Court cases and executive actions and their impact on law and on our society.The history of the United States has been marked by the progressive expansion of voting rights and the protection of its citizens through legislation and Supreme Court decisions. At the same time, executive orders, particularly in periods of crisis led to the violation of individual rights. Throughout this module these issues are covered. In chapters 3 and 4 you will find the information you need to answer this question. You are also encouraged to visit the following websites for further details.Supreme Court Landmarks – http://www.uscourts.gov/about-federal-courts/educational-resources/supreme-court-landmarks15 Supreme Court Cases that Changed America – https://www.cnn.com/2012/10/10/justice/landmark-scotus-cases/index.htmlExecutive Orders – https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/history-of-us-executive-orders/3695242.htmlNAACP was instrumental in the landmark case of Brown v Board of Education. Visit the web site to find information on the case that led to desegregation.http://www.naacp.org

Write a 1,150- to 1,400-word paper on how your chosen organization could overcome its critical event in the face of the media.Using the real-world organization that you researched in week two, describe how the media covered its crisis. Based on that information, how would you expect the media to cover your organization’s crisis?What steps must your organization take in order to protect its image and reputation when it is experiencing the crisis?Describe the responsibilities of public relations (PR) and public affairs (PA) during your critical event?At what point should PR and PA seek legal counsel? Why?What is the public’s right to know about the critical event versus what information should be kept private.What ethical questions emerge when managing a crisis?What are the most effective ways to develop symbiotic relationships with the media prior to a critical event?What are the essential responsibilities of a spokesperson? What credentials must he or she possessDuring interviews, press briefings or press conferences how should the spokesperson handle a reporter’s negative, hostile or “gotcha” questions”?What are the risks that your organization may encounter when communicating during a crisis? What would you suggest to mitigate them?Include at least six references of which four are academic sources. Consider using textbooks/resources that you have used in your degree program. Most textbooks are not academic sources because they are not peer-reviewed.Format your assignment according to appropriate course-level APA guidelines

Please answer each of the questions below in short-answer format. Write your responses in complete sentences. Your answers to each question should include 2 – 3 paragraphs minimum and a minimum of 150 – 250 words.Be sure to carefully read each question to ensure that each component is answered with the appropriate depth and detail. Your answers should be free of spelling and grammar errors. When using reference material, you must properly cite your sources using in-text citations. You must also include a reference list. All documentation must be rendered in APA citation style (see announcements for details on APA). This includes citing your textbook or course lesson modules.Review the Short-Answer Grading Rubric and the Short-Answer Assignment Sample as you prepare to complete this assignment.Please include the question along with your response in the textbox. This is to ensure that you have addressed each question.Question1 of 1Identify presidential terms and list the qualifications. Analyze the current qualifications for President. Take a position and either defend the existing qualifications or defend added qualifications you think should be included in modern America.Explain why the Framers create the Electoral College? What were the historical arguments behind their decision? Do you believe the Electoral College is a good way of ensuring each vote is represented equally, why or why not (be specifics and provide an example to support your opinion)?Identify the presidential powers in Article II Section 2 of the Constitution. Then, citing one news article (not Wikipedia), provide a recent example of how a president’s power has been checked by the judicial or legislative branches of government.Compare and contrast the judicial philosophies used by justices when interpreting the Constitution. Which do you believe is most effective in today’s society? Defend your position using specific details and examples.Explain how the federal courts were established. Describe the roles and importance of the federal courts, be sure to provide examples.

This chapter outlines the basic theoretical approaches that are the foundations of international relations and are critical to understanding the field. As a start- ing point, we will begin with realist/power politics, as articulated by Hans J. Morgenthau. This has been one of the founding tenets of international relations since the end of World War II. (His seminal text, Politics Among Nations, was initially published in 1948.) Since then, the international political landscape has changed; new organizations tied to the notion of collective security assumed idealistically that security could best be assured not by having nations increase their power but by working cooperatively toward common goals and ends that would benefit all. Thus, a competing or (perhaps more appropriately) alterna- tive theory of international relations was born, which challenged the basic prin- ciples of realism. This new approach focused more on cooperation between and among nations rather than competition for power, and it embodied many of the ideals earlier espoused by Woodrow Wilson. Referred to as “liberal theory,” it incorporates economic ideas as well as political ones, and it has grown in prominence and importance since the end of the Cold War. Hence, the changes in the international system have contributed to a proliferation of other theories, all of which were designed to explain on a macro level, or more often on a micro level, some aspect of international relations.

In this module we are looking at developing countries, the myriad obstacles they’ve faced, and the different approaches that have been pursued. We currently see all countries fighting the public health and economic consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic, and many countries in the developing world continue to fight extreme poverty under the shadow of the pandemic. After reading the blog post assigned by Homi Kharas, senior fellow at The Brookings Institution, answer the following:Prompt:Do you agree with Mr. Kharas that cash transfers coupled with domestic and international resources could be the answer for addressing global poverty? Why or why not?Link to Kharas’s article: https://www.brookings.edu/blog/future-development/2020/10/21/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-global-extreme-poverty/

General Information: This assignment requires students to evaluate a question that does not have a definitive answer. Specifically, students will write an argument as to how the Supreme Court would rule on the inclusion of the words “under God” in the Pledge of Allegiance if the issue were to be brought before it again.This is an area that people have strong opinions. Having said this, your personal opinion is NOT important for this assignment. Instead, it is your understanding of the Court’s approach to this area of constitutional interpretation to determine whether they would rule “under God” fails or passes the Lemon Test. Students should carefully study Patterson’s discussion of the Establishment Clause and the following court cases using Oyez prior to beginning the assignment:Engle v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)Abington School District v. Schempp, 374 U.S. 203 (1963)Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)Locke v. Davey, No. 021315 (2004)Van Orden v. Perry, 545 U.S. 677 (2005)McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union of Ky., 545 U.S. 844 (2005)How to Write a Critical Evaluation of the Establishment Clause: Critical thinking is the “ability to interpret, analyze, synthesize, or evaluate information, issues, and ideas and apply creative thought to formulate a substantive opinion, solve a problem or reach a conclusion.” In order to evaluate this question from a more critical perspective, i.e. use information appropriately to investigate a point of view or conclusion, students should format their paper in the following manner:Introduction: this is a paragraph where students should introduce the topic and state their thesis (argument). The thesis should be confined to a single sentence at the end of the introduction. This paragraph should be no more than five sentences long.Analysis: The body of your essay focuses on the argument stated at the end of your Introduction. If you make the argument that the Supreme Court would find “under God” to be constitutional, then you must explain why this inclusion passes all THREE parts of the Lemon Test and support this argument using three distinct court cases, i.e. this section should have approximately three paragraphs (one per test). If you make the argument that the Supreme Court would find “under God” to be unconstitutional, on the other hand, then you must explain why this inclusion fails at least ONE part of the Lemon Test and support this argument using one court case, i.e. this section will have a minimum of one paragraph.Revolving your answer around the relevant course material represents the key to your analysis. Your argument must derive from your understanding of the relevant course material, i.e. the Lemon Test and court cases, and should be logical and centered on facts. In other words, students should not only summarize Patterson or court cases, but explain why this particular court case is relevant to the question at hand. This explanation is critical as it demonstrates to readers why this particular case supports your claim. In addition, students should refrain from using outside sources.Conclusion: The final paragraph is not a time to restate your thesis or the main ideas already discussed in the essay. Instead, a good conclusion emphasizes the significance of your analysis and nicely ‘wraps up’ the argument of your paper. Conclusions should be approximately four or five sentences in length.One final note, students are encouraged to reference the rubric attached to this assignment for a more detailed grading breakdown for the assignment.Turning in the Assignment: After completing the assignment, upload a DOC, DOCX, or PDF file to Brightspace no later than April 11 at 11:59 PM. Email or Google Doc submissions will not be accepted under any circumstances. If you have questions about how to upload a file please take a look at How to Submit a Written Assignment in Blackboard.

Complete the Learn: Self-Assessment: What is Your Level of Emotional Intelligence? exercise located in this week’s Learning Activities folder.Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:As you reflect on the results of your self-assessment, do you believe you have the emotional intelligence to be a successful leader? Why or why not?Which Big Five OCEAN personality traits, intelligence components, or emotional-intelligence (EQ) components do you think will assist you in being a more inclusive leader?As you think of all the ineffective leaders you have ever worked for or played on sports teams for, did they possess a common attribute that caused them to be ineffective?How portable or non-portable are skills associated with being an inclusive leader?

Although international norms concerning human rights are becoming stronger, China and many other states continue to consider human rights an internal affair over which the state has sovereignty within its territory. Do you think human rights issues are a legitimate subject for one state to raise with another? If so, how do you reconcile the tensions between state autonomy and universal rights? What practical steps could be taken to get sovereign states to acknowledge universal human rightsminimum 150 wo

Analyze two examples during the Cold War where the United States influenced political outcomes in Latin America. Be sure to explain the causes and consequences for each.- Less than 700 words- APA citation