Psychology

The transition into adulthood may differ depending on cultural traditions and rites of passage from adolescence to adulthood. The transition into adulthood is also a time for relationships and romance from a normative perspective. Describe at least two unique rites of passage to adulthood on the basis of ethnic or cultural variations. Explain the concepts of pluralism and assimilation and describe how they affect the rites of passage of individuals. Describe different attachment styles. Explain the attachment style you feel would be most effective in forming lasting relationships. Describe the different types of attraction. Explain the type of attraction you feel would be most effective in establishing lasting relationships For more information on Adolescence to Adulthood read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolescence

All assignments MUST be typed, double-spaced, in APA style, and must be written at graduate level English. The content, conciseness, and clarity of your answers will be considered in the evaluation of your work.  You must integrate the material presented in the text and cite your work according to APA format. Your response to each question should be approx. 1 page per question. Total assignment should be 6-7 pages plus a title and reference page 1. Motivation arises from both internal motives (i.e. needs, cognitions, emotions) and external events (i.e. incentives, consequences, social contexts).  Is one of these sources of motivation more potent or more effective in motivating people than is the other?  Are people primarily motivated by internal motives or by external events, or are people motivated about equally by internal motives and external events? Justify your response by giving examples from your own life.  2. Selecting one physiological need (e.g. hunger, thirst, etc.) as an example, explain, how the biological beginnings of this need eventually manifest themselves as a psychological drive in a person’s subjective awareness.  In other words, explain how a biological event becomes a psychological motive. Give an original example to support your explanation.  3. How does self-determination theory explain how external events (e.g. rewards, praise) sometimes produce positive effects on motivation but other times produce negative effects? Give an original example to support your explanation.  4.  Learned helplessness theory relies on the components of contingency, cognition, and behavior to explain the motivational dynamics underlying helplessness.  Explain what these three components mean and provide an original illustrative example of each.  5.  Consider the origins of the need for achievement. Discuss and provide original examples from your own life, of each of the following three sources of high need for achievement:  its socialization influences, its cognitive influences, or its developmental influences.  6.  Differentiate the motivational and performance-based advantages versus disadvantages for performers who adopt a short-term goal (e.g., eat less than 2000 calories today) versus performers who adopt a long-term goal (e.g. lose 20 pounds this year) and offer a recommendation as to whether performers should adopt a short-term or a long-term goal. Explain/justify your recommendation. For more information on Cognition Emotion and Motivation read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion

A child’s or adolescent’s disruptive behaviors can be challenging for a clinician. Disruptive behaviors can interrupt the counseling process, and they often signify the existence of emotions a child or adolescent is unable to express verbally. Some prospective child and adolescent clinicians may be ill-equipped to manage disruptive behaviors or recognize that the behaviors are symptomatic of an issue or disorder. This lack of knowledge may elicit a nontherapeutic response from a clinician, which can damage the development of a therapeutic relationship. A therapeutic relationship is vital in order to counsel children and adolescents effectively. To prepare for this Assignment, review the Disruptive Behaviors Part Two media and select a particular child or adolescent with disruptive behavior. Consider one strength and one weakness of the therapeutic relationship with the child or adolescent during the counseling sessions. The Assignment (3–5 pages) is in two parts: Part One: Ineffective Interventions Identify the less effective counseling session you selected, and explain why it was less effective. Identify and explain the intent of the target goal in the counseling session. Explain one ineffective aspect of the counseling approach and why. Explain one misstep the counselor made that inhibited the development of a therapeutic relationship and why.Part Two: Effective InterventionsIdentify the more effective counseling session you selected, and explain why it was more effective.Explain one intended goal the counselor was attempting to accomplish in the counseling approach and why. Explain one ineffective aspect of the counseling approach and why. Explain two critical skills the counselor demonstrated that promoted the development of a therapeutic relationship and how those critical skills were used.Support your Assignment with specific references to all resources used in its preparation. You are asked to provide a reference list for all resources, including those in the week’s resources for this course.I SELECT THE (WITHDRAWN CHILD) For more information on Disruptive Behaviors read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSM-IV_codes#Attention-deficit_and_disruptive_behavior_disorders

The link between violent media and violent behavior is certainly complicated. Do you think violent media can, in any way, be blamed for violent behavior? If so, to what extent and under what circumstances? Do you think there should be laws restricting access to violent media? If so, what do you think these laws should look like? Be sure to defend your opinions and refute the counterarguments.

When the Bough Breaks a documentary released in 2017 which explores postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis. It can be accessed for free on “Tubi” (try this link) https://tubitv.com/movies/473902/when-the-bough-breaks  (download the Tubi app), or purchased through YouTube and Google Play. Please note: The written portion of this activity is not a group assignment. Students are expected to complete their own notes and submit individual/original work. Instructions: Watch the documentary. Create a Word document that includes a summary of the film, as well as your thoughts, reactions, and feelings about the documentary (recommended length: 2-3 pages). Incorporate the following specific topics into your summary:  · Epidemiology: Prevalence of mood or anxiety disorders; the percentage of women with “baby blues” that will go on to develop some type of depression/anxiety after giving birth; percentage of women that will develop postpartum depression with obsessive-compulsive behaviors or thoughts; number of women that will have postpartum psychosis · Defining terms: Difference between “baby blues” and postpartum depression (PPD); things a woman might feel if she were suffering from PPD; risk factors for PPD; difference between postpartum psychosis and other types of postpartum depression with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive features  · Mothers in the film: Comment on some of the feelings the mothers in the film had about their illness; their feelings about breastfeeding and coming home from the hospital · To prosecute or not: Consider the women in the film who were prosecuted for infanticide. What is the United Kingdom’s Infanticide Act of 1938.? What is your opinion about this? · Impact: What effect did the documentary have on you? Was there anything in particular that struck you? Did any one person’s story impact you in a special way? Share your thoughts. Website Review Visit the Postpartum Support International (PSI) website: https://www.postpartum.net/Explore the website for a few minutes.  o  Click on the “About” tab to view the PSI Mission and Vision. Copy and paste it into your document. o, Click on the “Learn More” tab on the top. Choose one topic and summarize the information presented. o, Click on the “Resources” tab. Review the “PSI Educational Brochure”. Provide an evaluation of the brochure. Is this something that you would provide to parents? Why or why not? For more information on Postpartum Depression read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postpartum_Depression

In this week, you will complete an Annotated Bibliography for a Position Paper related to the history and systems of psychology. First you will need to choose a topic, choose one of the following topic areas as your Position Paper topic. Acceptable titles (Choose one): Cognitive psychology-historical origins, theories and current applications Behaviorism vs. psychodynamic-historical perspectives and current applications Behaviorism-historical origins, theories and current applications Relating Classical Greek philosophies to the current trends and theories in psychology. The influence of 17–19th century Western European philosophy on current American psychology theories and practice. The contrast and comparisons of Western European and American psychology with Eastern (Asian) based psychology The origins of modern psychology comparing and contrasting the influence of the major psychological theorists. Humanistic psychology-historical origins, theories and current applications. Gestalt psychology and its influence on psychology past and present. The influence of scientific thought on psychology past and present. Towards a unified theory of psychology challenges and solutions. Using the South University Online Library database only, find six journal articles related to the topic chosen. (Your textbook, Wikipedia, or any other Web source will not be accepted for this assignment.) The journal articles have to be from peer-reviewed scholarly journals. Since this is a course on the history of psychology, you can choose articles that are appropriate for the topic and time period on your research. The articles do not need to be empirical studies but are required to be primary sources. Write a summary for each of the journal articles found. Write an analysis and evaluation for each of the journal articles found. For more information on Cognitive Psychology read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_psychology#Neisser

Evaluate quantitative research questions and hypotheses in research studies published in peer-reviewed journalsIdentify quantitative designs in research studies published in peer-reviewed journalsExplain use of quantitative designs in research studies published in peer-reviewed journalsAnalyze alignment among theory, problem, purpose, research questions and hypotheses, and design in quantitative research studies published in peer-reviewed journalsApply APA Style to writingFor this Discussion, you will evaluate quantitative research questions and hypotheses in assigned journal articles in your discipline and consider the alignment of theory, problem, purpose, research questions and hypotheses, and design. You will also identify the type of quantitative research design the authors used and explain how it was implemented. Quasi-experimental, casual comparative, correlational, pretest–posttest, or true experimental are examples of types of research designs used in quantitative research.Evaluate the research questions and hypotheses.The Research Questions and Hypotheses Checklist serves as a guide for your evaluation. Please do not respond to the checklist in a Yes/No format in writing your Discussion post.Identify the type of quantitative research design used and explain how the researchers implemented the design.Analyze alignment among the theory, problem, purpose, research questions and hypotheses, and design.Be sure to support your Main Issue Post and Response Post with reference to the week’s Learning Resources and other scholarly evidence in APA Style.Babbie, E. (2017). Basics of social research (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.Chapter 5, “Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Measurement”Burkholder, G. J., Cox, K. A., Crawford, L. M., & Hitchcock, J. H. (Eds.). (2020). Research designs and methods: An applied guide for the scholar-practitioner. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Chapter 4, “Quantitative Research Designs”The article to be used is attached:Davies, B., Griffiths, J., Liddiard, K., Lowe, K., & Stead, L. (2015). Changes in staff confidence and attributions for challenging behaviour after training in positive behavioural support within a forensic medium secure service. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 26(6), 847–861. doi: 10.1080/14789949.2015.1072574

This essay is intended to assess your skills in discussing practice and research in counselling and forensic psychology and to employ appropriate evidence to construct an argument and draw conclusions. For this essay, it is important that you draw on additional material beyond that contained within the textbook; this must consist of at least two articles that you have found through a citation search that you have conducted in It will be difficult to achieve the higher marks if you do not draw on this additional material. Chapter 19 Chapter 19 ‘Contexts’ (pages 283–296 in Mad or Bad: A Critical Approach to Counselling and Forensic Psychology) focuses on the issue of offering psychotherapy in the prison system, so the whole chapter is relevant. The chapter looks at tensions between psychotherapy approaches and security in prison, as well as rehabilitation models (RNR model and Good Lives model). This is good background to consider reasons why most prisons are not run on a therapeutic community model. You are advised to be careful not to include too much background history and description in your essay. The focus should be on critically evaluating the evidence, ideas and research that is directly relevant to the essay question. Command words The command words used in this essay title are ‘critically discuss’. This means that although it is acceptable for you to describe methods of prevention of mental health issues and offending or the research on therapeutic communities and suicide, it is important that you critically evaluate them as well. Your essay should be dedicated to building a reasoned argument regarding the research, theories and practice (including ethical considerations) that is supported by appropriate, referenced evidence in a way that provides an answer to the question you select. Although you may decide to draw a conclusion on one side of the question or the other it is important that you consider the relative merits and limitations of the opposite point of view.

The adolescent stage can be described as a time where there is a loss of innocence and a pre-entry into adulthood. A large part of being an adolescent is beginning that process of stepping out into the world and learning about oneself as a unique and autonomous individual. This movement out into the world is contingent upon the knowledge that this young person will have a safe and secure home to return to at the end of the day. If a traumatic loss or event has occurred in the adolescent’s life, there may be no safe base to which this individual can return. Attachment theory teaches us that a young person’s ability to attach/engage with peers, family and other potential support systems is an important aspect of the developmental process. During the adolescent stage of development, assessing attachment styles is important because it provides a window into how the adolescent relates to others, which allows the clinician to choose the appropriate intervention. For this Discussion, choose either the program case study for the Bradley family or the course-specific case study for Brady. Post an application of the attachment theory to the case of either Tiffani or Brady. Discuss the connection between his or her attachment style and exhibiting behavior. Plummer, S.-B., Makris, S., & Brocksen, S. M. (Eds.). (2014a). Sessions: case histories. Baltimore, MD: Laureate International Universities Publishing. [Vital Source e-reader] The Bradley Family (pp. 17–19).  ( I WANT TO USE THE TIFFANI CASE FOR THIS DISCUSSION) https://class.content.laureate.net/3ff272352164ccf99217036decb4bc99.pdf For more information on Adolescent Stage read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Adolescent+Stage&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go&ns0=1

Essay assignment #5: Review of the semester Your assignment is to think back over the semester of PSY 230 and identify the most important research finding or psychological concept that you learned. You will write a four-paragraph essay to address the following prompts. In your opinion, what is the most important research finding that you learned? (This needs to be an important finding that you learned in class. Describe the specific research finding or psychological concept. You must reference your textbook or the chapter notes. Be specific – what chapter and page discusses this? This needs to be something that really is important. There are many right answers but there are also some wrong answers. I will not accept vague or obvious statements.) Why is it important to know this? Explain for the reader why it is important to know this research or concept. You will be graded on the choice of something that is important, plus the accuracy of your description and your explanation of why it is important. Cite your source in the text and reference it at the end. If you do not cite the source (which can only be the textbook OR the class notes in Canvas), you will earn a 0. Include an introductory and a concluding paragraph. Write as if you are teaching this information to somebody who has never heard it before. Save your essay as a .doc, .docx, or .pdf file. Submit it through the Canvas submit button.