NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper

NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper This is my portion of the group project, please follow rubic and instructions. The 2 articles needing to be summarized are attached. The one titled Eliz is 1-3, the other one is 4-5. NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper 6. Utilization/application (How might this theory be used in nursing practice today, in order to improve patient outcomes)? (1/2-3/4 of a page) 7. Summary/conclusion ( 3-4 sentences summarizing paper) ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS module_b_spring_2018_4343.pdf module_b_grading_rubric_4343.pdf patricia_benner__1__lesi.docx __module_b_part_1_eliz.doc Page 1 of 2 2018 Module B NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge NURSING THEORISTS Introduction In order to apply nursing theory to nursing practice, the nurse must have a knowledge base of the theoretical works of the nursing profession. In module B you will be introduced to specific theoretical works of nursing theorists, including philosophies, conceptual models, grand theories, and middlerange theories. Objectives 1) Explore the evolution of nursing concepts and theories that has occurred over the last 50 years. 2) Distinguish the differences between nursing models and theories used conceptually in practice today. 6) Describe relevant theories that support inter-professional collaborative practice. Required Resources American Psychological Association (APA). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association Masters, K. (2015). Nursing theories: A framework for professional practice (2nd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning. Possible Resources Alligood, M. R. (2014). Nursing theorists and their work (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby. Evolution of nursing theories. Retrieved from http://www.elsevieradvantage.com/…/AlligoodCh1-9780323091947.pdf Jean Watson Interview 1 Caring Science Theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WFPC33OuyBo Jean Watson Interview 2 Caring Science Theory http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H6ZDph1ltu0&feature=relmfu Sigma Theta Tau International website. www.nursingsociety.org Patricia Benner: What are your core values that keep you going? What is your “true north”? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7_Hgn3DFTQ&feature=related The Collected Works of Florence Nightingale. http://www.sociology.uoguelph.ca/fnightingale/ The Roy Adaptation Model http://www.bc.edu/content/bc/schools/son/faculty/featured/theorist/Roy_Adaptation_Model.html Module B Textbook Readings: ? Chapters based upon selected theorist/theory ? Additional literature, i.e. journal articles, etc. Page 2 of 2 2018 Module B NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Module B Nursing Theorist Assignment: Small Group Learning Activities Nursing Theory/Theorist Selection: Within a small group, together select a nursing theorist from the list below and explore the work of the nursing theorist and his/her theory. ? ? ? Complete and submit the Group Commitment Form with estimated dates of completion Search the TTUHSC library databases and become familiar with the selected theorist/theory and their work, philosophy and conceptual frameworks. Another source for theory information includes your primary textbook. Nursing Theorists: Highly suggested for ease at completing this assignment o Philosophies ? Patricia Benner ? Jean Watson o Conceptual Models: Grand Theories ? Dorothy Johnson ? Imogene King ? Betty Neuman ? Dorothea E. Orem ? Martha Rogers ? Sister Callista Roy o Middle-Range Nursing Theories ? Katharine Kolcaba ? Madeleine Leininger ? Ramona T. Mercer ? Ida Jean Orlando (Pelletier) ? Hildegard E. Peplau ? Nola J. Pender ? Kristen M. Swanson ( Nursing Theorists Guidelines: Nursing Theorist Assignment must include but is not limited to the following for the chosen theorist/theory: 1. Intro that includes:Credentials and background of the theorist. (3/4 of a page max) 2. Type of theory/focus—(based on the classification above) ( 2-3 sentences.) 3. Theoretical sources used that theory is based upon. (1/2 page) 4. Major concepts and definitions. (strong focus here) (1 page minimum) 5. Major assumptions (1/2 page) 6. Utilization/application (How might this theory be used in nursing practice today, in order to improve patient outcomes)? (1/2-3/4 of a page) 7. Summary/conclusion ( 3-4 sentences summarizing paper) Nursing Theorist Assignment Submission: Please refer to class schedule for due date and time. ? ? ? ? ? Writing Expectations: Write a 4-5 page scholarly paper (not including title page or reference page) discussing your selected nursing theorist/theory with respect to the above 1-7 listed guidelines. Headings: Utilize the guidelines as headings for your paper.NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper (Example: Credentials and Background is one heading, Type of Theory and Focus is the second heading, etc.). References: A minimum of 2 scholarly/peer-reviewed references in addition to your textbook. (Note: Theory websites are not considered scholarly references!) APA Guidelines: Assignment is supported by APA guidelines which includes an expectation of complete sentences which are grammatically correct, free of spelling errors and supported by proper in-text citation and use of references. Vericite: These papers will be checked through Vericite and a score calculated. Grading: Please refer to the module B grading rubric located in Module B. 2018 Module B Grading Rubric Page 1 of 1 Criteria Content – Relevance of information to assigned questions Information in the posting is accurate, relevant to the assigned topic/question, and demonstrates student learning. Students will select a nursing theorist and explore the work of the nursing theorist and his/her theory. Scholarly Presentation Writing style allows for clear communication of thoughts through logical presentation of ideas with correct spelling, grammar and punctuation. APA Style Citations/References Assignment is supported by proper use of APA format/guidelines listed in the scholarly writing resource tab. 3 scholarly references (1 is the textbook and 1 is authored by theorist.) Expert Module B Grading Rubric Proficient Content posted exceeds stated objective; Nursing theorist assignment includes but is not limited to the following for the chosen theorist/theory: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Credentials and background of the theorist (3) What type of theory and focus? (2) Theoretical sources (2) Major concepts and definitions (20) Major assumptions (5) Utilization/application (15) Summary/conclusion (3) Content posted somewhat meets stated objective; Information includes 6 out of 7 components of the required criteria for the chosen theorist/theory; or some depth/details missing in Major concepts/defini t i ons and/or application Information includes 5 out of 7 components of the required criteria for the chosen theorist/theory; depth missing in Concepts/defini t i ons and/or application and one other section Write a 4-5 page scholarly paper (not including title page or reference page) to present your selected nursing theorist/theory guidelines. 50 points 42 points Thoughts are logically organized at the paragraph level without errors in spelling, grammar, or punctuation. Thoughts are logically organized at the paragraph level with no more than 3 errors in spelling, grammar or punctuation. 35 points APA format used with no errors. Uses 3 or more scholarly peerreviewed references. 15 points Competent Content posted meets stated objective; (See required criteria in expert column). (1 of 3 references is authored by original selected theorist). NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge (See required criteria in expert column). Substantial Areas for Improvement Content posted minimally meets stated objective; Information includes 4 out of 7 components of the required criteria for the chosen theorist/theory; significant depth missing in 4 major areas along with significant issues in application section. (See required criteria in expert column). 36 points Thoughts are logically organized at the paragraph level with no more than 4-5 errors in spelling, grammar or punctuation. 30 points Thoughts are not logically organized at the paragraph level with no more than 6-7 errors in spelling, grammar or punctuation. 30 points No more than 3 APA errors. Uses 3 scholarly, peer-reviewed references, but none by the selected theorist. 25 points No more than 4 to 5 APA errors. Uses 2 scholarly, peerreviewed references. 20 points No more than 6 to 7 APA errors. 12 points 10 points Only 1 reference used and/or most references are not scholarly or peer-reviewed. 8 points Unsatisfactory Content posted does not meet stated objective; Information includes less than 3 components of the required criteria for the chosen theorist/theory; depth missing throughout; doesn’t appear assignment was understood. Or Module B Assignment not submitted in the assignment tool. 0-20 points No posting or Posting contains more than 8 errors in spelling, grammar or punctuation 0-15 points More than 8 APA errors Uses no references or only one nonscholarly choice. 0-5 points PLAGIARISM Plagiarism is considered cheating and is a violation of academic integrity as outlined in the Student Handbook. NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper Any student(s) who plagiarizes any portion of the assignment may receive a grade of zero on the assignment. LATE ASSIGNMENTS: Unless prior faculty notification and negotiation of an extended deadline, 10% of total module points will be deducted per day if submitted late. Assignment will not be accepted if submitted more than 3 days late and assigned grade will be 0 (zero). Benner’s Philosophy of Nursing is a model that is a combination of competencies, domains and skill acquisition that describes how nursing expertise is formed. (Masters, 2015. pg.63). Thirty- one competencies and seven domains were created from interviews and observations of nurses by Benner and her colleagues (Masters, 2015. pg.63). Later, nine more domains were added by extending Benner’s original research, which focused on critical care nursing (Masters, 2015. pg.63). Skill acquisition is a five-step process that ranges from novice to expert, with each step building on the other (Masters, 2015. pg.63). The seven original domains were grouped based on their likeness (Masters, 2015. pg.64). These are the helping role, teaching-coaching function, diagnostic and patient monitoring, management of rapidly changing situations, administering and monitoring therapeutic interventions, ensuring quality of health care practices, and work role competencies (Masters, 2015. pg.64). Each of the seven domains embodies a group of competencies that describe the intent of the domain and how it functions in the nursing role (Masters, 2015. pg.64). The nine domains of critical nursing are used to make up themes that are broken down into six features of clinical judgment. These nine domains are diagnosing and managing life-sustaining physiological functions, managing a crisis, comforting critically ill patients, caring for patient’s families, preventing hazards, facing death, negotiating multiple perspectives, monitoring quality and managing breakdown, and coaching or mentoring others (Masters, 2015. pg.64). Benner’s theory shows how new nurses go from a task-oriented point of view to gaining insight into the bigger picture (Nursing Theory, 2016). The new nurse gradually begins to form their nursing expertise from abstract ideas to actual skill and experience (Nursing Theory, 2016). In addition to Benner’s other concepts, four metaparadigms of philosophy in nursing were identified and defined (Masters, 2016. Pg. 67.) First, there is the person, which is described as a self-interpreting being (Masters, 2016. Pg. 67.) Second, is the environment that is defined as a situation that an individual interprets (Masters, 2016. Pg. 67.) Third, is health which is based on the well-being of a person rather than illness, and lastly, nursing that Benner describes as the connection between a nurse and their patients (Masters, 2016. Pg. 67.) Benner’s Philosophy is set apart from others because it recognized that nursing theory should be developed from nursing practice itself, rather than from scholars and researchers on the outside looking in (Nursing Theories, 2011). Certain aspects of Patricia Benner’s philosophy can be taken for granted (Master, 2016. Pg. 69). These include the meanings surrounded by skills and outcomes, which sometimes are not recognized or documented as often as knowledge (Master, 2016. Pg. 69). These meanings are also crucial for those who share a cultural history or language because they have connections that allow for interpretation and analysis beyond the obvious (Master, 2016. Pg. 69). Meanings to these aspects of nursing care are better construed by those who share a similar background like those involved in healthcare (Master, 2016. Pg. 69). These assumptions and others show that there are usually more meanings to any situation that a theory can try and predict (Master, 2016. Pg. 69). References Nursing Theory. From Novice to Expert. Retrieved From: http://www.nursingtheory.org/theories-and-models/from-novice-to-expert.php Nursing Theories. A Companion to Nursing Theories and Models. Retrieved From: http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/patricia_benner_from_novice_to_expert.html Introduction Patricia Benner is a nursing theorist who developed the novice to expert nursing theory. Dr. Benner graduated with a bachelor’s degree in nursing in 1964 from Pasadena College, worked in home health, acute medical-surgical, and critical care settings, and then by 1970 received her master’s degree in medical-surgical nursing from the University of California, San Francisco (Masters, 2017, p. 62). In 1982, Benner graduated with her PhD from the University of California, Berkeley, and became a nursing professor at Department of Physiological Nursing at the University of California, San Francisco (Masters, 2017, p. 62; “From novice to expert,” 2016). NURS 4343 Foundations of Nursing Knowledge Reflection Paper Based on her nursing experience, research, and the influences of Virginia Henderson and Hubert Dreyfus, Benner developed the novice to expert nursing theory (Masters, 2017, p. 62). She published a book titled From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power in Nursing Practice that has been translated into ten languages and is studied by nurses and nurse educators around the world (“Profiles in leadership: Patricia Benner,” 2018). She also published many other books, includnig Educating Nurses: A Call for Radical Transformation, which received the AJN Book of the Year Award and the Prose Award for Scholarly Writing for Publishers (“Patricia Benner, RN, PhD, FAAN, FRCN,” 2015). Dr. Benner has over 35 years of nursing research and education experience with a “focus on clinical reasoning and judgment, the development of expertise from the novice student to the expert practicing clinician, and nursing errors” and has directed the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching National Nursing Education Study (“Patricia Benner, RN, PhD, FAAN, FRCN,” 2015). In addition, Dr. Benner is a fellow of the American Academy of Nursing, honorary fellow of the Royal College of Nursing, and received the President’s Award for Creativity and Innovation in Nursing Education in 2010 (“Profiles in leadership: Patricia Benner,” 2018). Type of theory/focus Patricia Benner’s novice to expert nursing theory describes five levels of proficiency in nursing: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert (Benner, 1982, p. 402). Because of the high level of acuity in hospitals today, there is a critical need for experienced nurses. In order to become experienced, nurses must pursue ongoing learning and career development (Benner, 1982, p. 402). Benner’s proficiency levels help categorize nurses based on their experience to enable development of effective education and career development strategies that are appropriate for a nurse’s clinical experience level and expertise (Benner, 1982, p. 402). Theoretical sources used that theory is based upon. Dr. Benner’s nursing theory is based on the Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition. The Dreyfus Model of Skill Acquisition was developed by two professors at the University of California, Stuart Dreyfus and Hubert Dreyfus, who developed the model based on observations of chess players, Air Force pilots, army commanders and tank drivers (Benner, 1982, p. 402; “From novice to expert,” 2016). The Dreyfus model states that as a person learns a skill, he or she passes through five proficiency stages: novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, expert (Benner, 1982, p. 402). Because this model categorizes the stages that a person passes through as he or she develops “skilled performance based upon experience as well as education,” Dr. Benner applied it to the field of nursing since she believed that nursing is a field where clinical expertise is developed by both education and experience (Benner, 1982, p. 402). According to the Dreyfus model, as a person progresses through the levels of proficiency, there are two aspects that are measured. The first aspect is “movement from reliance on abstract principles to the use of past, concrete experience as paradigms” (Benner, 1982, p. 402). The second aspect is how a person narrows down the vast demands of a situation, sees the situation in its entirety, and highlights certain elements within the situation that are the most important (Benner, 1982, p. 402). References Benner, P. (1982). From novice to expert. The American Journal of Nursing, 82(3).402-407. doi:10.2307/3462928 “From novice to expert” (2016). Retrieved from http://www.nursing-theory.org/theories-andmodels/from-novice-to-expert.php “Patricia Benner, RN, PhD, FAAN, FRCN” (2015). Retrieved from http://novicetoexpert.org/index.php/meet-experts/patricia-benner-rn-phd-faan-frcn “Profiles in leadership: Patricia Benner” (2018). 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