Systematic Empiricism

Q1) Does each example below best illustrate reliance on tenacity, authority, reason, empiricism, or systematic empiricism as a way of knowing?1. Trevor wants to buy a new smartphone, so he reads phone reviews by experts on cnet.com and endgadget.com.2. Four-year-old Shonda has a watercolor paint kit. She’s curious about what color she will get if she mixes red and green paint, so she does it a few times to find out.3. Claire takes her first multiple-choice test in junior high. When the graded test is returned to her, she pays attention only to the items she got wrong. She notices three questions for which she had initially chosen the correct answer but, after reconsidering, switched to a wrong answer. She fails to notice even more items for which she initially picked the wrong answer but switched to the correct answer. She concludes that “on multiple-choice tests, you should always stick with your first instinct.”4. In college, Claire learns that research consistently suggests the advice to “always stick with your first instinct on multiple-choice exams” is wrong. On average, when switching answers, students are more likely to change a wrong answer to a correct answer than vice versa. Claire rejects this and sticks with her “first-instinct” belief.Q2) Describe two ways in which prediction is a goal of science. What are two ways in which control is a scientific goal?Q3) In an experiment, what is the purpose of randomly assigning participants to conditions?Q4) When researchers draw inductive conclusions from samples of data, what are two general types of error that can occur?Q5) Describe several reasons why psychologists study nonhuman animals

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