Assignment 2: Diabetic Nephropathy

Assignment 2: Diabetic Nephropathy
Assignment 2: Diabetic Nephropathy
Assignment 2: Diabetic Nephropathy
Week 8 Assignment 2 Quiz 1.Question : When blood glucose levels are difficult to control in type II diabetes, some form of insulin may be added to the treatment regimen to control blood glucose and limit complications risks. Which of the following statements are accurate based on research? Premixed insulin analogues are better at lowering hemoglobin A1c and have less risk for hypoglycemia. Premixed insulin analogues and the newer premixed insulins are associated with more weight gain than the oral antidiabetic agents. Newer premixed insulins are better at lowering hemoglobin A1c and postprandial glucose levels than are long-acting insulins. Patients who are not controlled on oral agents and have postprandial hyperglycemia can have NPH insulin added at bedtime. Question 2. Lispro is an insulin analogue produced by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) technology. Which of the following statements about this form of insulin is not true? The optimal time of preprandial injection is fifteen minutes. The duration of action is increased when the dose is increased. It is compatible with NPH insulin. It has no pronounced peak. Question 3. Unlike most type II diabetics where obesity is a major issue, older adults with low body weight have higher risks for morbidity and mortality. The most reliable indicator of poor nutritional status in older adults is: Weight loss in previously overweight persons Involuntary loss of 10% of body weight in less than six months Decline in lean body mass over a twelve-month period Increase in central versus peripheral body adiposity Question 4. Sulfonylureas may be added to a treatment regimen for type II diabetics when lifestyle modifications and metformin are insufficient to achieve target glucose levels. Sulfonylureas have been moved to Step 2 therapy because they: Increase endogenous insulin secretion. Have a significant risk for hypoglycemia. Address the insulin resistance found in type II diabetics. Improve insulin binding to receptors. Question 5. The drugs recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for use in children with diabetes (depending upon type of diabetes) are: Metformin and insulin Sulfonylureas and insulin glargine Split-mixed dose insulin and GLP-1 agonists Biguanides and insulin lispro Question 6. Nonselective beta blockers and alcohol create serious drug interactions with insulin because they: Increase blood glucose levels. Produce unexplained diaphoresis. Interfere with the ability of the body to metabolize glucose. Mask the signs and symptoms of altered glucose levels. Question 7. Diagnostic criteria for diabetes include: Fasting blood glucose greater than 140 mg/dl on two occasions Postprandial blood glucose greater than 140 mg/dl Fasting blood glucose 100 to 125 mg/dl on two occasions Symptoms of diabetes plus a casual blood glucose greater than 200 mg/dl Question 8. Adam has type I diabetes and plays tennis for his university. He exhibits a knowledge deficit about his insulin and his diagnosis. He should be taught that: He should increase his CHO intake during times of exercise. Each brand of insulin is equal in bioavailability, so buy the least expensive. Alcohol produces hypoglycemia and can help control his diabetes when taken in small amounts. If he does not want to learn to give himself injections, he may substitute an oral hypoglycemic to control his diabetes. Question 9. Both ACE inhibitors and some angiotensin-II receptor blockers have been approved in treating: Hypertension in diabetic patients Diabetic nephropathy Both A and B Neither A nor B Question 10. Before prescribing metformin, the provider should: Draw a serum creatinine level to assess renal function. Try the patient on insulin. Prescribe a thyroid preparation if the patient needs to lose weight. All of the above options are .