Assignment: Assessment Of Fetal Health

Assignment: Assessment Of Fetal Health
Assignment: Assessment Of Fetal Health
Address this question: Should antepartal testing be used for reason other than the assessment of fetal health and well-being (e.g., select the “perfect child” on the basis of characteristics, gender, and absence of genetic health problems of any kind)?
Support your answers in an APA formatted summary!
HCP visiting Health Care Professional
Destination
System (details must go organizations employee’s Database)
Data Flow Name
Request Rejected
Alias(es)
NA
Description
More details – System may ask for more details required for
cross check user personal details.
Origin/Source
System
Destination
Visiting HCP
Data Flow Name
Approved user ID
Alias(es)
Description
Final decision after the verification done by the HR manager.
User id verified and adopted by the HR manager to visiting HCP
via the system.
Origin/Source
System (though original source is HR manger but information
goes through system)
External entity 2
External Entity Name
Management
Purpose in Summary
Management official check the details given by visiting HCP.
If some details are missing or insufficient, they may ask for
more information, and they have all the right to approve the
user ID in the organization and can reject the same.
Input Data Flow(s)
Visiting HCP details
Output Data Flow(s)
User ID details, verification, request accepted
Data Flow Name
Visiting HCP details
Alias(es)
Description
It consists of details given by visiting HCP to the system,
these details consist of personal information.
Origin/Source
System (though original source is visiting HCP but
information goes through system)
Destination
Management
7
Data Flow Name
Request accepted
Alias(es)
Description
It consists of details given by visiting HCP to the system,
these details consist of personal individual information.
Origin/Source
Management
Destination
System (though original source is management but
The goal of fetal well-being assessment is to detect fetuses at danger of in utero death or asphyxia-mediated injury so that they can be delivered quickly and safely.
In studied populations, the biophysical profile score resulted in a 60-70 percent reduction in stillbirth rates.
Fetal hypoxemia during pregnancy causes irreversible tissue damage and is linked to a variety of disorders in the neonate, child, and adult.
Cerebral palsy, learning disabilities, and adult-onset hypertension and cardiovascular disease are all thought to be linked to fetal hypoxia.
The purpose of viable fetus ultrasound surveillance is to detect potentially harmful degrees of fetal hypoxia and initiate timely intervention.
Hypertension, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, maternal diabetes, maternal collagen vascular disease, umbilical cord malformations, infection, and postdate pregnancy are all maternal and fetal factors that put the pregnancy at risk for fetal hypoxia.
Ultrasound methods used to determine fetal well-being include fetal growth, amniotic fluid, fetal biophysical profile score, and cardiovascular/placental function.
Fetal Interventions using Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring
FHR monitoring with Doppler ultrasonography is currently the gold standard for fetal well-being assessment intrapartum.
During fetal procedures, FHR monitoring is also employed perioperatively.
The FHR is recorded prior to maternal anesthetic induction to serve as a comparison point and to reassure the perinatologist, surgeon, and anesthesiologist that the fetus is stable.
In open situations, the FHR can be constantly monitored intraoperatively using fetal echocardiography and intermittent umbilical cord palpation.
The most regularly used anesthetic induction drugs (thiopental and propofol) are known to rapidly cross the placenta and thereby reach the fetus at acceptable concentrations.
98,99
The inhalation agents pass the placenta as well,100 but the fetus absorbs the agent more slowly than the mother.
101,102
FHR and FHR variability are reduced by these anesthetics.
Even though the FHR is within the normal range for the gestational age, fetal bradycardia is a solid indicator of fetal distress that must be handled right away.
The goal of implantable radiotelemeters was to track intra-amniotic fluid pressure as a measure of uterine contractility as well as the FHR response to uterine irritation.
103
The whole telemeter with sensory leads was implanted subcutaneously in early third-trimester sheep, and the fetal ECG and temperature were continually monitored.
103,104
In four human pregnancies, a similar device was successfully utilized for intraoperative monitoring and then removed after the procedure; in five other human fetuses, the device was inserted intraoperatively and then remained in the fetus for long-term monitoring and removal after delivery.
104
With the introduction of less invasive fetal endoscopic surgery, new monitoring issues have arisen.
The fetus is no longer physically accessible to the surgical team, and radiotelemeter implantation is now prohibited by the trocars used for fetoscopic surgery.
Currently, direct viewing of the heart using fetal echocardiography is used in fetoscopy or cardiac intervention, which provides an accurate estimate of the FHR.
The continual use of fetal echocardiography, while advantageous, necessitates the presence of a qualified ultrasonographer in the operating room.