Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing

Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing This assignment should be APA format assignment, MUST BE TWO (2) PAGES don’t use sources with .com Below is a paper with all the requirements formthe two pages . Sent me a rough draft with the essay. guidelines_for_the_essay.pdf nursing_and_caring_articles.pdf ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Transitions Paper Assignment Guidelines PURPOSE The purpose of this assignment is to explore a critical concept in nursing. The student will be able to demonstrate application of information literacy and ability to utilize resources (library, writing center, SmartThinking, located within the Tutor Source tab under Course Home, APA resources, Turnitin, and others) through literature search and writing the paper. COURSE OUTCOMES This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes. CO 2: Identify characteristics of professional behavior including emotional intelligence, Communication, and conflict resolution. CO 3: Demonstrate information literacy and the ability to utilize resources. DUE DATES Please refer to the Course Calendar for exact due dates of the draft for peer feedback exercise and for the final paper. REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDELINES Pick one of the following topics and find a scholarly nursing journal article (published within the last five years) that discusses this nursing topic. The topics are ? ? ? ? safety; delegation; prioritization; and caring. After you find a scholarly nursing journal article using the Chamberlain library resources, you will complete a one-two page summary and reflection on the article. The paper should be completed in APA format and include the following. ? ? ? ? ? A cover page (not included in the page number requirement) A reference page (not included in the page number requirement) One direct quote from one of your references, appropriately cited in the body of your paper One indirect quote (or paraphrased reference) appropriately cited in the body of your paper Citations and references in APA format NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 1 NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION TOTAL POINTS: 150 POINTS Best Practices in Preparing the Paper Utilize resources available to you to assist with finding appropriate literature and articles from professional nursing journals relevant to your topic and preparing for and writing the paper (e.g., SmartThinking, located within the Tutor Source tab under Course Home, writing center, Turnitin, APA manual, and online resources). The grading rubric will help you understand how your faculty will be evaluating your paper. Use it as a checklist to make sure that you have included all the important elements. Grading Criteria for Transitions Paper Assignment Category Introduction Points % 20 13% Description: See Rubric for Details ? Clearly states the purpose or focus of paper with conceptual key points to be discussed and engages the interest of the reader ? Complete, well-developed discussion of key points Logical development of ideas with information clear and accurate, supported by examples from personal and/or professional experiences Perception: Student provides own perspectives on the topic; reflective and insightful ? Body of Paper 60 40% ? ? Conclusion 30 20% ? NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 Summarizes ideas presented in the body of paper in a clear and concise manner Provides reader with a thought, idea, or key message 2 NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION ? ? ? Writing Style, APA Format, and References TOTAL 40 27% 150 100 NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 ? ? ? Proper grammar and mechanics Correct spelling APA Format: Margins, font style and size, spacing, citations, title page, and reference page One direct quote with in-text citation One indirect quote with in-text citation References from nursing journals (published within the last five years). Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. A quality assignment will meet or exceed all of the above requirements. 3 NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Grading Rubric Assignment Criteria Introduction 20 Body of Paper 60 Outstanding or Highest Level of Performance Very Good or High Level of Performance Competent or Satisfactory Level of Performance A (92–100%) B (84–91%) C (76–83%) ? Introduction of the paper is clearly presented. ? Introduction clearly establishes the purpose of the paper and key points to be discussed. ? The introduction immediately captures the reader’s interest. ? Introduction of the paper is clearly presented. ? Introduction presents the general purpose of the paper and points to be discussed. ? Introduction is able to gain general interest of the reader. 19–20 points 17–18 points ? Complete, well-developed discussion of key points strongly supports the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is logical development of ideas with clear and accurate information ? Ideas and statements are supported by three or more examples from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student provides own perspectives on the topic: reflective, insightful, and original. ? Complete discussion of key points generally supports the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is logical development of ideas with clear and accurate information. ? Ideas and statements are supported by two examples from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student provides own perspectives on the topic: reflective and insightful. 56–60 points NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 51–55 points Poor, Failing or Unsatisfactory Level of Performance F (0–75%) ? Introduction of the paper is present. ? Introduction presents the general purpose of the paper, but key points are not clearly presented. ? Introduction is able to gain general interest of the reader. 16 points ? Introduction of the paper is not clearly presented, irrelevant to the topic, or is absent. ? Introduction does not present the purpose of the paper or key points to be discussed. ? Introduction does not capture the reader’s interest. 0–15 points ? General discussion of key points somewhat supports the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is some logical development of ideas, somewhat clear information; some information is inaccurate. ? Ideas and statements are supported by one example from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student generally provides own perspectives on the topic; somewhat reflective and insightful. 46–50 points ? There is vague or minimal discussion of key points, which does not support the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is poor development of ideas; information is unclear and/or inaccurate. ? Ideas or statements are not supported by examples from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student does not provide own perspectives on the topic: lacks reflection and insight. 4 0–45 points NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Conclusion 30 ? Conclusion of the paper is clearly and concisely presented. ? Conclusion clearly establishes key points discussed in the paper. ? The conclusion leaves a strong impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). 28–30 points NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 ? Conclusion of the paper is clearly and concisely presented. ? Conclusion generally states key points discussed in the paper. ? The conclusion leaves a general impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). ? Conclusion of the paper is present. ? Conclusion vaguely states key points discussed in the paper. Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. ? The conclusion leaves a vague impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). 25–27 points 23–24 points 5 ? Conclusion of the paper is not clearly presented. ? Conclusion does not present key points discussed in the paper. ? The conclusion does not leave an impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). 0–22 points NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Writing Style, APA Format, and References 40 Writing Style ? Paper has correct use of Standard English grammar, paragraph, and sentence structure. ? There are no spelling or typographical errors. ? Paper is clearly organized around required components. ? Information flows in a logical sequence that is easy for the audience to follow. Writing Style ? There are one to three minor errors in use of Standard English grammar, paragraph, and sentence structure. ? There are one to two spelling or typographical errors. ? Paper is organized and generally easy to read and follow. Writing Style ? There is one major error or there are more than four minor errors in use of Standard English grammar, paragraph, and sentence structure. ? There are three to four spelling or typographical errors. ? Paper is organized and generally easy to read and follow. APA Format and References ? There is correct and appropriate use of margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages in correct APA format. ? Citation of sources included in the body of the paper uses correct APA format for direct and indirect quotes. ? Sources are cited correctly on the Reference page. All elements of each reference are included in the correct order. ? All information taken from the source, even if summarized, must be cited and listed on the Reference page. ? All sources used are nursing journals published within the last five years. APA Format and References ? There is incorrect format for any one of the items: margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages, with one to two errors in APA format. ? Citation of sources is included in the body of the paper for direct and indirect quotes, with one to two errors in APA format. ? Sources are cited on the Reference page. There are one to two errors in elements of each reference. ? All information taken from source, even if summarized, must be cited and listed on the Reference page. ? All sources used are nursing journals published within the last five years. 34–36 points APA Format and References ? Incorrect format is used for any two of the items: margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages, with three errors in APA format. ? Citation of sources is included in the body of the paper for direct and indirect quotes, with three errors in APA format. ? Sources are cited on the Reference page. There are three errors in elements of each reference. ? Some information taken from sources (even if summarized) is not cited and/or listed on the Reference page. ? Not all sources used are from nursing journals published within the last five years. APA Format and References ? Incorrect format is used for three or more of the items: margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages, with four or more errors in APA format. ? Citation of sources is included in the body of the paper for direct and indirect quotes, with four or more errors in APA format. ? Sources are cited on the Reference page. There are four or more errors in elements of each reference. ? Some information taken from sources (even if summarized) is not cited and/or listed on the Reference page. ? Not all sources used are from nursing journals published within the last five years. 31–33 points 0–30 points 37–40 points NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 6 Writing Style ? Language needs development. ? There are more than four spelling and/or grammar errors. Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. ? Paper has poorly organized thoughts and concepts; it is difficult to follow logic. NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION FACULTY FEEDBACK FORM Category Points Introduction 20 Body of Paper 60 Conclusion 30 Writing Style, APA Format, and References 40 TOTAL NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 Comments 150 7 International Journal of Caring Sciences September-December 2015 Volume 8 | Issue 3| Page 791 Special Article Nursing and Caring: An Historical Overview from Ancient Greek Tradition to Modern Times Dimitrios Theofanidis, RN, MSc, PhD Clinical Lecturer, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Greece Despina Sapountzi-Krepia, BSc, MSc, PhD, RN, RHV Professor and Head of the Department of Nursing, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus Correspondence: Dr Theofanidis Dimitrios, Alexandrer Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, 54100, Thessaloniki, Greece E-mail:[email protected] Abstract Introduction: Nursing as a humanistic profession is closely related to the core of caring which embraces the human essence in both illness and good health. This position paper examines the fundamental humanistic elements of caring and nursing particularly from a Greek perspective. Aim: to discuss critically the implications of care delivery mainly in Greece by looking at the deeper ‘roots’ of these notions, within their historical and geographical contexts. Method: a historical literature search was undertaken in a ‘time series snapshots’ methodology whereby key events and historical contexts were critically appraised with regard to the evolution of nursing as an art and science. Both international and national library databases were used. Results-Discussion: Just like modern medicine, nursing also uses the Hippocratic Medical heritage as its base and therefore Hippocrates could be seen as a ‘ shared forefather’ for health care professionals. It is often argued that in his early writings he described in detail what is now the nursing profession as he did not mention ‘nurses’ but referred to doctor assistants! Nursing has now become an independent scientific discipline with discrete evidence based knowledge but certainly the care side still has powerful historic, cultural and traditional roots. Conclusions drawn from a review of the literature show that historically the roots of Nursing and Caring in Greece have a triple dimension. a) Caring care was provided within the family mainly by members, slaves and servants. b) Wartime nursing care was provided by private citizens but also by nobles who possessed the art of healing and caring. c) Organised nursing care was provided in many hospitals in the early Byzantine Empire. Hostels and Nursing Homes were run by monks and laity, voluntary men and women initially as a token of Christian love and later on payment. Key words: nursing, caring, ancient Greece, Rome, history. Introduction Aim There is an inherent difficulty in writing the history of nursing in the area of Greece because of the social context in which it has been practiced. Literature on this topic is scarce and diverse and further attempts to clarify this subject are needed in order to comprehend the current state of health care affairs. The aim, of this position paper is to discuss critically the implications of care delivery in the Greece by closely reviewing the deeper ‘roots’ and pillars of nursing steming from ancient Greek caring practices, its core mission and values and the evolution of nursing within its historical and geographical contexts. www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org International Journal of Caring Sciences September-December 2015 Volume 8 | Issue 3| Page 792 Method Lachman (2012) defines care as For this paper’s needs, a historical literature search was undertaken in a time series sequence whereby key events and historical contexts were critically appraised with regard to the evolution of nursing as an art and science for this specific geographical area. Key words used included: nursing, caring, ancient Greece, Rome and history in both Pubmed and Greek databases. “…a commitment to attending to and becoming enthusiastically involved in the patient’s needs”.Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. In these lines Morse et al., (1990) argue that: “If caring is to be retained as the “essence” of nursing, and if research in this area is to advance, then the various perspectives of caring must be clarified, the strengths and the limitations of these conceptualizations examined, and the applicability of caring as a concept and theory to the practice of nursing identified.” Results-Discussion Providing nursing care in ancient Greece, a practice that could be argued continued until the mid 20th century, was mainly the work of women of every household. For this reason, the exercise of nursing activities in the ancient world could only be accessed through the social position of women throughout these periods. In general, the dominant ideology at the time was that women should not have to deal with common matters or practice a profession. Under these conditions the social space where women could exercise nursing was confined to the site of the house which, however, was dominated by the ancient Greek proverbial philosophy: ‘?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????’, which loosely translates to: ‘house matters are not for the public eye’ or in today’s idiomatic phrase: ‘don’t wash your dirty linen in public’. The outcome of this social framework is that only limited and indirect references can be found in ancient texts concerning the exercise of nursing in ancient Greece and the Balkan area making it difficult to research and study (Sapountzi-Krepia, 2001). The notion of ‘nursing’ is closely related to the essence of ‘caring’ as the philosophy which underpins the theory and practice of Nursing Science embraces the core human essence in both illness and good health. As Donahue (1985) points out, ‘to care for’ is not a phenomenon exclusive to nursing but it appears in various forms across all human constructs and civilizations throughout time. www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org In a philosophical analysis of the concept of ‘care’, Marieskind (1998) stressed that the caregivers’ incentives should be to remove or alleviate pain and discomfort of those they look after. The empathetic adoption of this attitude when caring comes when the caregiver develops the ability to imagine experientially the plight of others that is those who receive the care as if he were in his place. Maclean and Theisen (2012) put care within an ethical framework, stressing that the provision of care is associated with a sense of morality and duty which are innate in many women, while one could also consider care to be directly related to technical aspects, educational preparedness, good interpersonal and communication skills and a moral sense towards the person who receives the care. Women and care delivery: the beginning of Nursing? Women’s involvement in health issues is an ancient tradition in human cultures. Some evidence for this activity can be found in early historical texts. Undoubtedly there are even older unrecorded traditions but their roots are lost in the mists of time. A large part of this historical heritage was lost as social changes confined woman to the ‘loft’, ousting women from exercising therapeutic interventions and the introduction of laws prohibiting women from formal education International Journal of Caring Sciences (Maclean 1974, Sapountzi-Krepia Sapountzi-Krepia 2013). September-December 2015 Volume 8 | Issue 3| Page 793 1999, The word ‘nurse’ evolved from the Latin word ‘nutrire’ which means to nourish. The ‘nourishing’ aspect of nursing prevailed throughout centuries with the roots of nursing and medicine intertwined in ancient eastern and western cultures and religions. Still, it should be noted that even in the previous century, in much of the Balkans women were solely responsible for housekeeping and raising children. Limitations of their social role included not working outside the house and yet nursing was perceived as a ‘female job’. In Turkish, the term ‘nurse’ means ‘sister’ i.e. hem?ire karde? (Bahçecik & Alpar 2009). Similarly, the Greek equivalent to ‘nurse’ is ‘??????’ which again means ‘sister’. Thus, provision of n … Purchase answer to see full attachment Student has agreed that all tutoring, explanations, and answers provided by the tutor will be used to help in the learning process and in accordance with Studypool’s honor code & terms of service . Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10

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Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing

Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing This assignment should be APA format assignment, MUST BE TWO (2) PAGES don’t use sources with .com Below is a paper with all the requirements formthe two pages . Sent me a rough draft with the essay. guidelines_for_the_essay.pdf nursing_and_caring_articles.pdf ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Transitions Paper Assignment Guidelines PURPOSE The purpose of this assignment is to explore a critical concept in nursing. The student will be able to demonstrate application of information literacy and ability to utilize resources (library, writing center, SmartThinking, located within the Tutor Source tab under Course Home, APA resources, Turnitin, and others) through literature search and writing the paper. COURSE OUTCOMES This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes. CO 2: Identify characteristics of professional behavior including emotional intelligence, Communication, and conflict resolution. CO 3: Demonstrate information literacy and the ability to utilize resources. DUE DATES Please refer to the Course Calendar for exact due dates of the draft for peer feedback exercise and for the final paper. REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDELINES Pick one of the following topics and find a scholarly nursing journal article (published within the last five years) that discusses this nursing topic. The topics are ? ? ? ? safety; delegation; prioritization; and caring. After you find a scholarly nursing journal article using the Chamberlain library resources, you will complete a one-two page summary and reflection on the article. The paper should be completed in APA format and include the following. ? ? ? ? ? A cover page (not included in the page number requirement) A reference page (not included in the page number requirement) One direct quote from one of your references, appropriately cited in the body of your paper One indirect quote (or paraphrased reference) appropriately cited in the body of your paper Citations and references in APA format NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 1 NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION TOTAL POINTS: 150 POINTS Best Practices in Preparing the Paper Utilize resources available to you to assist with finding appropriate literature and articles from professional nursing journals relevant to your topic and preparing for and writing the paper (e.g., SmartThinking, located within the Tutor Source tab under Course Home, writing center, Turnitin, APA manual, and online resources). The grading rubric will help you understand how your faculty will be evaluating your paper. Use it as a checklist to make sure that you have included all the important elements. Grading Criteria for Transitions Paper Assignment Category Introduction Points % 20 13% Description: See Rubric for Details ? Clearly states the purpose or focus of paper with conceptual key points to be discussed and engages the interest of the reader ? Complete, well-developed discussion of key points Logical development of ideas with information clear and accurate, supported by examples from personal and/or professional experiences Perception: Student provides own perspectives on the topic; reflective and insightful ? Body of Paper 60 40% ? ? Conclusion 30 20% ? NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 Summarizes ideas presented in the body of paper in a clear and concise manner Provides reader with a thought, idea, or key message 2 NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION ? ? ? Writing Style, APA Format, and References TOTAL 40 27% 150 100 NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 ? ? ? Proper grammar and mechanics Correct spelling APA Format: Margins, font style and size, spacing, citations, title page, and reference page One direct quote with in-text citation One indirect quote with in-text citation References from nursing journals (published within the last five years). Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. A quality assignment will meet or exceed all of the above requirements. 3 NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Grading Rubric Assignment Criteria Introduction 20 Body of Paper 60 Outstanding or Highest Level of Performance Very Good or High Level of Performance Competent or Satisfactory Level of Performance A (92–100%) B (84–91%) C (76–83%) ? Introduction of the paper is clearly presented. ? Introduction clearly establishes the purpose of the paper and key points to be discussed. ? The introduction immediately captures the reader’s interest. ? Introduction of the paper is clearly presented. ? Introduction presents the general purpose of the paper and points to be discussed. ? Introduction is able to gain general interest of the reader. 19–20 points 17–18 points ? Complete, well-developed discussion of key points strongly supports the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is logical development of ideas with clear and accurate information ? Ideas and statements are supported by three or more examples from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student provides own perspectives on the topic: reflective, insightful, and original. ? Complete discussion of key points generally supports the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is logical development of ideas with clear and accurate information. ? Ideas and statements are supported by two examples from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student provides own perspectives on the topic: reflective and insightful. 56–60 points NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 51–55 points Poor, Failing or Unsatisfactory Level of Performance F (0–75%) ? Introduction of the paper is present. ? Introduction presents the general purpose of the paper, but key points are not clearly presented. ? Introduction is able to gain general interest of the reader. 16 points ? Introduction of the paper is not clearly presented, irrelevant to the topic, or is absent. ? Introduction does not present the purpose of the paper or key points to be discussed. ? Introduction does not capture the reader’s interest. 0–15 points ? General discussion of key points somewhat supports the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is some logical development of ideas, somewhat clear information; some information is inaccurate. ? Ideas and statements are supported by one example from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student generally provides own perspectives on the topic; somewhat reflective and insightful. 46–50 points ? There is vague or minimal discussion of key points, which does not support the purpose or main idea of the paper. ? There is poor development of ideas; information is unclear and/or inaccurate. ? Ideas or statements are not supported by examples from personal and/or professional experiences. ? Perception: Student does not provide own perspectives on the topic: lacks reflection and insight. 4 0–45 points NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Conclusion 30 ? Conclusion of the paper is clearly and concisely presented. ? Conclusion clearly establishes key points discussed in the paper. ? The conclusion leaves a strong impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). 28–30 points NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 ? Conclusion of the paper is clearly and concisely presented. ? Conclusion generally states key points discussed in the paper. ? The conclusion leaves a general impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). ? Conclusion of the paper is present. ? Conclusion vaguely states key points discussed in the paper. Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. ? The conclusion leaves a vague impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). 25–27 points 23–24 points 5 ? Conclusion of the paper is not clearly presented. ? Conclusion does not present key points discussed in the paper. ? The conclusion does not leave an impression on the reader (important thought, idea, or key message). 0–22 points NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION Writing Style, APA Format, and References 40 Writing Style ? Paper has correct use of Standard English grammar, paragraph, and sentence structure. ? There are no spelling or typographical errors. ? Paper is clearly organized around required components. ? Information flows in a logical sequence that is easy for the audience to follow. Writing Style ? There are one to three minor errors in use of Standard English grammar, paragraph, and sentence structure. ? There are one to two spelling or typographical errors. ? Paper is organized and generally easy to read and follow. Writing Style ? There is one major error or there are more than four minor errors in use of Standard English grammar, paragraph, and sentence structure. ? There are three to four spelling or typographical errors. ? Paper is organized and generally easy to read and follow. APA Format and References ? There is correct and appropriate use of margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages in correct APA format. ? Citation of sources included in the body of the paper uses correct APA format for direct and indirect quotes. ? Sources are cited correctly on the Reference page. All elements of each reference are included in the correct order. ? All information taken from the source, even if summarized, must be cited and listed on the Reference page. ? All sources used are nursing journals published within the last five years. APA Format and References ? There is incorrect format for any one of the items: margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages, with one to two errors in APA format. ? Citation of sources is included in the body of the paper for direct and indirect quotes, with one to two errors in APA format. ? Sources are cited on the Reference page. There are one to two errors in elements of each reference. ? All information taken from source, even if summarized, must be cited and listed on the Reference page. ? All sources used are nursing journals published within the last five years. 34–36 points APA Format and References ? Incorrect format is used for any two of the items: margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages, with three errors in APA format. ? Citation of sources is included in the body of the paper for direct and indirect quotes, with three errors in APA format. ? Sources are cited on the Reference page. There are three errors in elements of each reference. ? Some information taken from sources (even if summarized) is not cited and/or listed on the Reference page. ? Not all sources used are from nursing journals published within the last five years. APA Format and References ? Incorrect format is used for three or more of the items: margins, spacing, font, and headers. ? Document setup includes title and reference pages, with four or more errors in APA format. ? Citation of sources is included in the body of the paper for direct and indirect quotes, with four or more errors in APA format. ? Sources are cited on the Reference page. There are four or more errors in elements of each reference. ? Some information taken from sources (even if summarized) is not cited and/or listed on the Reference page. ? Not all sources used are from nursing journals published within the last five years. 31–33 points 0–30 points 37–40 points NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 6 Writing Style ? Language needs development. ? There are more than four spelling and/or grammar errors. Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. ? Paper has poorly organized thoughts and concepts; it is difficult to follow logic. NR103 TRANSITION TO THE NURSING PROFESSION FACULTY FEEDBACK FORM Category Points Introduction 20 Body of Paper 60 Conclusion 30 Writing Style, APA Format, and References 40 TOTAL NR103 Transitions Paper 3.6.16 Revision 12-8-16 Comments 150 7 International Journal of Caring Sciences September-December 2015 Volume 8 | Issue 3| Page 791 Special Article Nursing and Caring: An Historical Overview from Ancient Greek Tradition to Modern Times Dimitrios Theofanidis, RN, MSc, PhD Clinical Lecturer, Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Greece Despina Sapountzi-Krepia, BSc, MSc, PhD, RN, RHV Professor and Head of the Department of Nursing, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus Correspondence: Dr Theofanidis Dimitrios, Alexandrer Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, 54100, Thessaloniki, Greece E-mail:[email protected] Abstract Introduction: Nursing as a humanistic profession is closely related to the core of caring which embraces the human essence in both illness and good health. This position paper examines the fundamental humanistic elements of caring and nursing particularly from a Greek perspective. Aim: to discuss critically the implications of care delivery mainly in Greece by looking at the deeper ‘roots’ of these notions, within their historical and geographical contexts. Method: a historical literature search was undertaken in a ‘time series snapshots’ methodology whereby key events and historical contexts were critically appraised with regard to the evolution of nursing as an art and science. Both international and national library databases were used. Results-Discussion: Just like modern medicine, nursing also uses the Hippocratic Medical heritage as its base and therefore Hippocrates could be seen as a ‘ shared forefather’ for health care professionals. It is often argued that in his early writings he described in detail what is now the nursing profession as he did not mention ‘nurses’ but referred to doctor assistants! Nursing has now become an independent scientific discipline with discrete evidence based knowledge but certainly the care side still has powerful historic, cultural and traditional roots. Conclusions drawn from a review of the literature show that historically the roots of Nursing and Caring in Greece have a triple dimension. a) Caring care was provided within the family mainly by members, slaves and servants. b) Wartime nursing care was provided by private citizens but also by nobles who possessed the art of healing and caring. c) Organised nursing care was provided in many hospitals in the early Byzantine Empire. Hostels and Nursing Homes were run by monks and laity, voluntary men and women initially as a token of Christian love and later on payment. Key words: nursing, caring, ancient Greece, Rome, history. Introduction Aim There is an inherent difficulty in writing the history of nursing in the area of Greece because of the social context in which it has been practiced. Literature on this topic is scarce and diverse and further attempts to clarify this subject are needed in order to comprehend the current state of health care affairs. The aim, of this position paper is to discuss critically the implications of care delivery in the Greece by closely reviewing the deeper ‘roots’ and pillars of nursing steming from ancient Greek caring practices, its core mission and values and the evolution of nursing within its historical and geographical contexts. www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org International Journal of Caring Sciences September-December 2015 Volume 8 | Issue 3| Page 792 Method Lachman (2012) defines care as For this paper’s needs, a historical literature search was undertaken in a time series sequence whereby key events and historical contexts were critically appraised with regard to the evolution of nursing as an art and science for this specific geographical area. Key words used included: nursing, caring, ancient Greece, Rome and history in both Pubmed and Greek databases. “…a commitment to attending to and becoming enthusiastically involved in the patient’s needs”.Broward Community College Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing Critical Concept of Caring in Nursing. In these lines Morse et al., (1990) argue that: “If caring is to be retained as the “essence” of nursing, and if research in this area is to advance, then the various perspectives of caring must be clarified, the strengths and the limitations of these conceptualizations examined, and the applicability of caring as a concept and theory to the practice of nursing identified.” Results-Discussion Providing nursing care in ancient Greece, a practice that could be argued continued until the mid 20th century, was mainly the work of women of every household. For this reason, the exercise of nursing activities in the ancient world could only be accessed through the social position of women throughout these periods. In general, the dominant ideology at the time was that women should not have to deal with common matters or practice a profession. Under these conditions the social space where women could exercise nursing was confined to the site of the house which, however, was dominated by the ancient Greek proverbial philosophy: ‘?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ????’, which loosely translates to: ‘house matters are not for the public eye’ or in today’s idiomatic phrase: ‘don’t wash your dirty linen in public’. The outcome of this social framework is that only limited and indirect references can be found in ancient texts concerning the exercise of nursing in ancient Greece and the Balkan area making it difficult to research and study (Sapountzi-Krepia, 2001). The notion of ‘nursing’ is closely related to the essence of ‘caring’ as the philosophy which underpins the theory and practice of Nursing Science embraces the core human essence in both illness and good health. As Donahue (1985) points out, ‘to care for’ is not a phenomenon exclusive to nursing but it appears in various forms across all human constructs and civilizations throughout time. www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org In a philosophical analysis of the concept of ‘care’, Marieskind (1998) stressed that the caregivers’ incentives should be to remove or alleviate pain and discomfort of those they look after. The empathetic adoption of this attitude when caring comes when the caregiver develops the ability to imagine experientially the plight of others that is those who receive the care as if he were in his place. Maclean and Theisen (2012) put care within an ethical framework, stressing that the provision of care is associated with a sense of morality and duty which are innate in many women, while one could also consider care to be directly related to technical aspects, educational preparedness, good interpersonal and communication skills and a moral sense towards the person who receives the care. Women and care delivery: the beginning of Nursing? Women’s involvement in health issues is an ancient tradition in human cultures. Some evidence for this activity can be found in early historical texts. Undoubtedly there are even older unrecorded traditions but their roots are lost in the mists of time. A large part of this historical heritage was lost as social changes confined woman to the ‘loft’, ousting women from exercising therapeutic interventions and the introduction of laws prohibiting women from formal education International Journal of Caring Sciences (Maclean 1974, Sapountzi-Krepia Sapountzi-Krepia 2013). September-December 2015 Volume 8 | Issue 3| Page 793 1999, The word ‘nurse’ evolved from the Latin word ‘nutrire’ which means to nourish. The ‘nourishing’ aspect of nursing prevailed throughout centuries with the roots of nursing and medicine intertwined in ancient eastern and western cultures and religions. Still, it should be noted that even in the previous century, in much of the Balkans women were solely responsible for housekeeping and raising children. Limitations of their social role included not working outside the house and yet nursing was perceived as a ‘female job’. In Turkish, the term ‘nurse’ means ‘sister’ i.e. hem?ire karde? (Bahçecik & Alpar 2009). Similarly, the Greek equivalent to ‘nurse’ is ‘??????’ which again means ‘sister’. Thus, provision of n … Purchase answer to see full attachment Student has agreed that all tutoring, explanations, and answers provided by the tutor will be used to help in the learning process and in accordance with Studypool’s honor code & terms of service . Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10

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