NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders

NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders Permalink: https://nursingpaperessays.com/ nurs-6521n-week-…system-disorders / Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders and the Treatment of Diabetes The endocrine system includes eight major glands throughout the body which affect such things as growth and development, metabolism, sexual function, and mood (National Institutes of Health). Some of the most commonly diagnosed endocrine disorders include hypothyroidism, diabetes, and Hashimoto’s disease. Not surprisingly, treating any one endocrine disorder may have effects on other body systems or their functions. As an advanced practice nurse, treating patients who may suffer from endocrine disorders requires an acute understanding of the structure and function of the endocrine system. Additionally, a solid understanding of patient factors and behaviors will assist in developing the best drug therapy plans possible to treat your patients. Some of most commonly diagnosed endocrine disorders include … NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders This week, you differentiate the types of diabetes and examine the impact of diabetes drugs on patients. You also evaluate alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for diabetes management. Reference: National Institutes of Health. (n. d.). National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disorders. Endocrine diseases. Retrieved July 3, 2019 from https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases Learning Objectives Students will: Differentiate types of diabetes Evaluate the impact of diabetes drugs on patients Evaluate alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for diabetes management Learning Resources – NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders Required Readings (click to expand/reduce) Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice providers . St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. Chapter 46, “Drugs for Diabetes Mellitus” (pp. 485–509) Chapter 47, “Drugs for Thyroid Disorders” (pp. 511–520) American Diabetes Association. (2018). Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes—2018 . Diabetes Care, 41(Supplement 1) , S73–S85. Retrieved from http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/supplement_1/s73.full-text.pdf This article provides guidance on pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment as it pertains to treating patients with diabetes. Reflect on the content of this article as you continue to examine potential drug treatments for patients with diabetes. Document: Mid-Term Summary & Study Guide (PDF) Discussion: Diabetes and Drug Treatments Photo Credit: [Mark Hatfield]/[iStock / Getty Images Plus]/Getty Images Each year, 1.5 million Americans are diagnosed with diabetes (American Diabetes Association, 2019). If left untreated, diabetic patients are at risk for several alterations, including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, neuropathy, and blindness. There are various methods for treating diabetes, many of which include some form of drug therapy. The type of diabetes as well as the patient’s behavior factors will impact treatment recommendations. For this Discussion, you compare types of diabetes, including drug treatments for type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Reference: American Diabetes Association. (2019). Statistics about diabetes. Retrieved from http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/ To Prepare Review the Resources for this module and reflect on differences between types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Select one type of diabetes to focus on for this Discussion. Consider one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Then, reflect on dietary considerations related to treatment. Think about the short-term and long-term impact of the diabetes you selected on patients, including effects of drug treatments. By Day 3 of Week 5 Post a brief explanation of the differences between the types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Describe one type of drug used to treat the type of diabetes you selected, including proper preparation and administration of this drug. Be sure to include dietary considerations related to treatment. Then, explain the short-term and long-term impact of this type of diabetes on patients. including effects of drug treatments. Be specific and provide examples. Example Discussion Initial Discussion Post Diabetes takes place in varying forms. The first one is Type 1 diabetes mellitus. This accounts for about 5% of all diabetes cases. Some people refer to this as insulin-dependent diabetes, however this term is not encouraged anymore, as we have learned more, and treatments have changed. The primary defect here is destruction of pancreatic beta cells. These are the cells responsible for insulin release to the bloodstream. Insulin replacement is needed, as well as dietary control.( Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018). NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders In contrast, Type 2 diabetes is the most seen form, and accounts for 90-95% of all diagnosed cases. Type 2 can be seen in all ages. Symptoms usually result from insulin resistance and impaired secretion. Insulin is still produced, but the secretion is impaired. There is a strong family association, showing us that genetics may play a role.( Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018). There is also gestational diabetes, which shows up in pregnant women, but does subside after giving birth. It is managed by blood glucose monitoring, then controlled with insulin and diet. Women should be monitored after delivery, to assess that symptoms are subsiding, or it is rediagnosed as necessary.(Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018). Lastly, juvenile diabetes is Type 1 diabetes, diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. It can come on quite quickly. This needs to be managed with insulin and diet. One type of drug used for treatment is Insulin Aspart. It is administered with twice daily injections. This a rapid-acting analog that activates insulin receptors.( American Diabetes Association, 2018). It is sold under the brand name, Novolog, among others. It is a type of manufactured insulin, and usually taken right before eating. Insulin Aspart comes in 10-ML vials, or 3-ML prefilled pens. It is most often injected by subQ injection, and it acts quickly. The onset is usually 10-20 minutes, it peaks in 1-3 hours, and its duration is 3-5 hours. This form is an analog of human insulin.(Rosenthal & Burchum, 2018). Dietary factors are very important with this quick-acting insulin. Intake should happen within 10-15 minutes after administration ( Kruger & Novak, 2019). Educating people on calculating premeal insulin dose based on carbohydrate intake, blood glucose levels, and anticipated physical activity is an important aspect of managing patients. A recommendation for people with Type 1 diabetes is they should be treated with multiple daily injections of prandial insulin, as well as basal insulin. This can also be continuous subQ insulin infusion.( American Diabetes Association, 2018). This form has added to convenience and lifestyle satisfaction for many. Over time, Type 1 diabetes complications can affect major organs, including heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes and kidneys. Maintaining a normal blood sugar level can reduce the risk of complications. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common form of nerve damage, and most often affects the feet.(Kruger & Novak, 2019). The hemoglobin A1C test is important to monitor for long-term control of blood sugar levels. For people with Type 1 diabetes, being below 6.5% is optimal (American Diabetes Association, 2018). Type 1 diabetes is a disease that requires daily interventions, but can be managed now, if the patient follows guidelines. References American Diabetes Association. (2018). Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of medical care in diabetes- 2018. Diabetes Care, 41(Supplement 1), S73-S85. Http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/41/supplement_1/s73.full-text.pdf Kruger, D.F., & Novak, L.M., (2019). Role of ultrafast-acting insulin analogues in the management of diabetes. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. Vol. 31(9), p. 537-548. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000261 Rosenthal, L.D., & Burchum, J.R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for nurse practitioner’s and physician assistants. Elsevier. By Day 6 of Week 5 Read a selection of your colleagues’ responses and respond to at least two of your colleagues on two different days who selected a different type of diabetes than you did. Provide recommendations for alternative drug treatments and patient education strategies for treatment and management. Note: For this Discussion, you are required to complete your initial post before you will be able to view and respond to your colleagues’ postings. Begin by clicking on the “Post to Discussion Question” link, and then select “Create Thread” to complete your initial post. Remember, once you click on Submit, you cannot delete or edit your own posts, and you cannot post anonymously. Please check your post carefully before clicking on Submit! Submission and Grading Information Grading Criteria To access your rubric: Week 5 Discussion Rubric Post by Day 3 of Week 5 and Respond by Day 6 of Week 5 To Participate in this Discussion: Week 5 Discussion Rubric Detail – NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders Select Grid View or List View to change the rubric’s layout. Name: NURS_6521_Week5_Discussion_Rubric Grid View List View Excellent Good Fair Poor Main Posting 45 (45%) – 50 (50%) Answers all parts of the discussion question(s) expectations with reflective critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. Supported by at least three current, credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. 40 (40%) – 44 (44%) Responds to the discussion question(s) and is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. At least 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least three credible sources. Written clearly and concisely with one or no grammatical or spelling errors and fully adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style. NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders 35 (35%) – 39 (39%) Responds to some of the discussion question(s). One or two criteria are not addressed or are superficially addressed. Is somewhat lacking reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Somewhat represents knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Post is cited with two credible sources. Written somewhat concisely; may contain more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Contains some APA formatting errors. 0 (0%) – 34 (34%) Does not respond to the discussion question(s) adequately. Lacks depth or superficially addresses criteria. Lacks reflection and critical analysis and synthesis. Does not represent knowledge gained from the course readings for the module. Contains only one or no credible sources. Not written clearly or concisely. Contains more than two spelling or grammatical errors. Does not adhere to current APA manual writing rules and style. Main Post: Timeliness 10 (10%) – 10 (10%) Posts main post by day 3 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not post by day 3 First Response 17 (17%) – 18 (18%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. . Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. 15 (15%) – 16 (16%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. . Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. 13 (13%) – 14 (14%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited. 0 (0%) – 12 (12%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited. Second Response 16 (16%) – 17 (17%) Response exhibits synthesis, critical thinking, and application to practice settings. Responds fully to questions posed by faculty. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by at least two scholarly sources. Demonstrates synthesis and understanding of learning objectives. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. . Responses to faculty questions are fully answered, if posed. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. 14 (14%) – 15 (15%) Response exhibits critical thinking and application to practice settings. Communication is professional and respectful to colleagues. Responses to faculty questions are answered, if posed. Provides clear, concise opinions and ideas that are supported by two or more credible sources. Response is effectively written in standard, edited English. NURS 6521N Week 5: Endocrine System Disorders 12 (12%) – 13 (13%) Response is on topic and may have some depth. Responses posted in the discussion may lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are somewhat answered, if posed. . Response may lack clear, concise opinions and ideas, and a few or no credible sources are cited. 0 (0%) – 11 (11%) Response may not be on topic and lacks depth. Responses posted in the discussion lack effective professional communication. Responses to faculty questions are missing. No credible sources are cited. Participation 5 (5%) – 5 (5%) Meets requirements for participation by posting on three different days. 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) 0 (0%) – 0 (0%) Does not meet requirements for participation by posting on 3 different days Total Points: 100 Name: NURS_6521_Week5_Discussion_Rubric Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10