Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion

Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion [2] Describe your baby bug results from this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. [3] Why are there no BB baby bugs or bb baby bugs from this data run? [4] Do the results for the allele distributions confirm the entries in your Punnett Square? Please explain. [5] What evidence from this data run supports the hypothesis that the B allele is h biol_103_virtual_lab_activity_form_lab_6_genetics__benedek.docx activity_form_genetics Scoring for Lab 6: Screen shot – 10 points Activity Data Code – 5 points Data Tables – 15 points Question Completion – 20 points Random Questions Scored – 50 points • • • • • On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab Activity Form electronically and submit it via the Assignments Folder by the date listed in the Course Schedule (under Syllabus). Answer ALL questions in your own words. If a direct quote is needed, put the words in quotation marks and cite the source. To conduct the laboratory exercises, use the Table Top Science link located under Course Content. Read the background information and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answering the questions. Students should submit the document as a Word (.doc or .docx) or PDF file to the assignment folder for best compatibility. If screen shots are missing, the lab earns 0 points until it is included. Data Sheet: Activity – Genetics All Content is Copyright Protected and May NOT Be Posted or Shared Outside Of The Classroom Name Course Date Nelson,Jessica BIOL 102 28 JUN 2020 Activity Data Code YDV TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 1 Take a screenshot of your results. Insert the picture here: Procedure I – Part A – Baby bugs when parents are BB and bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 0 10 0 Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percentage = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) 2 BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage 0 33% 0 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage 20.33% 33% Observations and Questions [1] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are BB and bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B B B B [2] Describe your baby bug results from this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. [3] Why are there no BB baby bugs or bb baby bugs from this data run? [4] A. Do the results for the allele distributions confirm the entries in your Punnett Square? B. Please explain. TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 3 [5] A. What evidence from this data run supports the hypothesis that the B allele is heterozygous dominant? B. Explain your reasoning. Procedure I – Part B – Baby bugs when parents are BB and Bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts from each data run Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 1 3 7 0 2 5 5 0 3 5 5 0 4 4 6 0 5 6 4 0 6 2 8 0 7 8 2 0 8 4 6 0 9 7 3 0 10 4 6 0 Data Averages TableBIOL 102 University of Maryland Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion – Enter your average Baby Bug Counts 4 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Tip: BB Baby Bug Count Average = Sum of BB Baby Bug Counts / Number of Data Runs BB Baby Bug Count Average Bb Baby Bug Count Average bb Baby Bug Count Average Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percent = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count Average) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [6] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are BB and Bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 5 B [7] A. Using your Punnett Square, calculate the expected percentage of Blue Rimmed Baby Bugs and Yellow Rimmed Baby Bugs. Show your work. B. How do your percentage table results compare with the Punnett Square calculations? (higher, lower, similar) C. Explain your answer. [8] Why do we use multiple data runs for this procedure? Explain your answer. [9] A. For this set of parents, is it possible to draw conclusions about the genotype counts from examining the phenotypes? B. Why or why not? Use counts from one of your BB vs Bb data runs as part of your discussion. Procedure I – Part C – Baby bugs when parents are bb and Bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts from each data run 6 Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 1 0 5 5 2 0 4 6 3 0 5 5 4 0 4 6 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 5 0 6 4 6 0 6 4 7 0 9 1 8 0 3 7 9 0 1 9 10 0 4 6 Data Averages Table – Enter your average Baby Bug Counts Tip: BB Baby Bug Count Average = Sum of BB Baby Bug Counts / Number of Data Runs BB Baby Bug Count Average Bb Baby Bug Count Average bb Baby Bug Count Average Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percent = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count Average) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 7 Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [10] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are bb and Bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B B [11] A. Using your Punnett Square, calculate the expected percentage of Blue Rimmed Baby Bugs and Yellow Rimmed Baby Bugs. Show your work. B. How do your percentage table results compare with the Punnett Square calculations? (higher, lower, similar) C. Explain your answer. [12] A. For this set of parents, is it possible to draw conclusions about the genotype counts from examining the phenotypes? B. Why or why not? Use counts from one of your bb vs Bb data runs as part of your discussion. 8 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Procedure I – Part D – Baby bugs when parents are Bb and Bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts from each data run Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 1 4 3 3 2 3 5 2 3 2 5 3 4 2 6 2 5 3 7 0 6 1 8 1 7 3 5 2 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 9 Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 8 3 6 1 9 3 5 2 10 5 4 1 Data Averages Table – Enter your average Baby Bug Counts Tip: BB Baby Bug Count Average = Sum of BB Baby Bug Counts / Number of Data Runs BB Baby Bug Count Average Bb Baby Bug Count Average bb Baby Bug Count Average Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percent = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count Average) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage 10 Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Observations and Questions [13] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are Bb and Bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B b [14] A. Using your Punnett Square, calculate the expected percentage of Blue Rimmed Baby Bugs and Yellow Rimmed Baby Bugs.BIOL 102 University of Maryland Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion Show your work. B. How do your percentage table results compare with the Punnett Square calculations? (higher, lower, similar) Explain your answer. [15] A. For Bb vs Bb parents, discuss how the genotype counts confirm the counts for the phenotypes in the display. Be specific. Use counts from one of your Bb vs Bb data runs as part of your discussion. Procedure II – Part A – Bug Population changes when there is a breeding preference for blue rimmed bugs Data Table – Enter your Final Bug Counts TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 11 BB Bug Count Bb Bug Count bb Bug Count Percentage Tables – Enter the Final Bug percentages Tip: Bug Type Percentage = 100% ? (Bug Type Count) / (Total Number of Bugs) BB Bug Percentage Bb Bug Percentage bb Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Bug Percent + Bb Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [16] Describe the bug population change results during this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. [17] A. Do your results suggest anything about what the composition of this population might be at some distant point in the future? B. Defend your answer. 12 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved [18] Based on the initial starting population, use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to predict the future bug population phenotype composition. Hint: Under the Background tab, go to the Summary of Formulas Needed for Calculations section, see the example titled Using the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, then do Step 1 and Step 2 using the initial starting population for this data run. p = number of B alleles total number of alleles q = number of b alleles total number of alleles p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 q2 = proportion of yellow bugs 1-q2 = proportion of blue bugs (since blue bugs = p2 + 2pq) % of yellow bugs = proportion of yellow bugs x 100 % of blue bugs = proportion of blue bugs x 100 [19] ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL NURSING PAPERS Is this population consistent with the expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg model, that is, is this population stable? Compare the predicted values from the Hardy-Weinberg model in #18 with the observed values. Hint: Under the Background tab, go to the Summary of Formulas Needed for Calculations section, see the example titled Using the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, then do Step 3 and Step 4 for this data run. Bug Type Percentage = 100% ? (Bug Type Count) / (Total Number of Bugs) TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 13 Procedure II – Part B – Bug Population changes when there is a breeding preference for yellow rimmed bugs Data Table – Enter your Final Bug Counts BB Bug Count Bb Bug Count bb Bug Count Percentage Tables – Enter the Final Bug percentages Tip: Bug Type Percentage = 100% ? (Bug Type Count) / (Total Number of Bugs) BB Bug Percentage Bb Bug Percentage bb Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Bug Percent + Bb Bug Percent 14 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Blue Rimmed Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [20] Describe the bug population change results during this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. [21] Is this population consistent with the expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg model, that is, is this population stable? Compare the predicted values from the Hardy-Weinberg model with the observed values. Hint: Under the Background tab, go to the Summary of Formulas Needed for Calculations section, see the example titled Using the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, then do Step 3 and Step 4 for this data run. [22] A. Discuss what your analysis above indicates about the applicability of the HardyWeinberg criteria to this population. B. Which assumptions, if any, of the Hardy-Weinberg criteria are violated? Procedure II – Part C – Bug Population changes when there is not a rim-color breeding preference for bugs (genetic drift) Data Table – Enter your Final Bug Counts TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 15 BB Bug Count Bb Bug Count bb Bug Count Percentage Tables – Enter the Final Bug percentages Tip: Bug Type Percentage = 100% ? (Bug Type Count) / (Total Number of Bugs) BB Bug Percentage Bb Bug Percentage bb Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Bug Percent + Bb Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [23] Describe the bug population change results during this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. [24] Is this population consistent with the expectations of the Hardy-Weinberg model, that is, is this population stable? Compare the predicted values from the Hardy-Weinberg model with the observed values. Hint: Under the Background tab, go to the Summary of Formulas Needed for Calculations section, see the example titled Using the Hardy-Weinberg Equation, then do Step 3 and Step 4 for this data run. 16 TableTop Science – BIOL 102 University of Maryland Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion All Rights Reserved [25] A. Discuss what your analysis above indicates about the applicability of the HardyWeinberg criteria to this population. B. Which assumptions, if any, of the Hardy-Weinberg criteria are violated? Note: The question below depends on sharing and comparing Procedure II – Part C data with your fellow classmates. Please go to Content – Week 6 – Week 6 Virtual Lab – Data for Lab 6 Discussion and post your data as a response to that discussion topic. [26] A. Compare your data run results to the results of the class as a whole. What population changes are possible? B. Are there any cases of extreme changes in population composition (e.g. all blue-rimmed or all yellow-rimmed)? C. What does the variety of population outcomes tell us about potential outcomes for small isolated populations that experience genetic drift? TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 17 Data Sheet: Activity – Genetics All Content is Copyright Protected and May NOT Be Posted or Shared Outside Of The Classroom Name Course Date Activity Data Code Procedure I – Part A – Baby bugs when parents are BB and bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percentage = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 1 Observations and Questions [1] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are BB and bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B B [2] Describe your baby bug results from this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. [3] Why are there no BB baby bugs or bb baby bugs from this data run? [4] Do the results for the allele distributions confirm the entries in your Punnett Square? Please explain. [5] What evidence from this data run supports the hypothesis that the B allele is heterozygous dominant? Explain your reasoning. 2 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved Procedure I – Part B – Baby bugs when parents are BB and Bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts from each data run Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Data Averages Table – Enter your average Baby Bug Counts Tip: BB Baby Bug Count Average = Sum of BB Baby Bug Counts / Number of Data Runs BB Baby Bug Count Average Bb Baby Bug Count Average TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved bb Baby Bug Count Average 3 Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percent = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count Average) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [6] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are BB and Bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B B [7] Using your Punnett Square, calculate the expected percentage of Blue Rimmed Baby Bugs and Yellow Rimmed Baby Bugs. Show your work. BIOL 102 University of Maryland Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion. Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion How do your percentage table results compare with the Punnett Square calculations? (higher, lower, similar) Explain your answer. 4 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved [8] Why do we use multiple data runs for this procedure? Explain your answer. [9] For this set of parents, is it possible to draw conclusions about the genotype counts from examining the phenotypes? Why or why not? Use counts from one of your BB vs Bb data runs as part of your discussion. Procedure I – Part C – Baby bugs when parents are bb and Bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts from each data run Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 5 Data Averages Table – Enter your average Baby Bug Counts Tip: BB Baby Bug Count Average = Sum of BB Baby Bug Counts / Number of Data Runs BB Baby Bug Count Average Bb Baby Bug Count Average bb Baby Bug Count Average Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percent = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count Average) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage Bb Baby Bug Percentage bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [10] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are bb and Bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes 6 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved b Female b [11] Using your Punnett Square, calculate the expected percentage of Blue Rimmed Baby Bugs and Yellow Rimmed Baby Bugs. Show your work. How do your percentage table results compare with the Punnett Square calculations? (higher, lower, similar) Explain your answer. [12] For this set of parents, is it possible to draw conclusions about the genotype counts from examining the phenotypes? Why or why not? Use counts from one of your bb vs Bb data runs as part of your discussion. Procedure I – Part D – Baby bugs when parents are Bb and Bb Data Table – Enter your Baby Bug Counts from each data run Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 1 2 3 4 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 7 Data Run BB Baby Bug Count Bb Baby Bug Count bb Baby Bug Count 5 6 7 8 9 10 Data Averages Table – Enter your average Baby Bug Counts Tip: BB Baby Bug Count Average = Sum of BB Baby Bug Counts / Number of Data Runs BB Baby Bug Count Average Bb Baby Bug Count Average bb Baby Bug Count Average Percentage Tables – Enter the Baby Bug percentages Tip: Baby Bug Percent = 100% ? (Baby Bug Count Average) / (Total Number of Baby Bugs) BB Baby Bug Percentage 8 Bb Baby Bug Percentage TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved bb Baby Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Baby Bug Percent + Bb Baby Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [13] Complete the Punnett square below when the parents are Bb and Bb. Punnett Square Male Alleles/Genes Female B b [14] Using your Punnett Square, calculate the expected percentage of Blue Rimmed Baby Bugs and Yellow Rimmed Baby Bugs. Show your work. How do your percentage table results compare with the Punnett Square calculations? (higher, lower, similar) Explain your answer. [15] For Bb vs Bb parents, discuss how the genotype counts confirm the counts for the phenotypes in the display. Be specific. Use counts from one of your Bb vs Bb data runs as part of your discussion. TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved 9 Procedure II – Part A – Bug Population changes when there is a breeding preference for blue rimmed bugs Data Table – Enter your Final Bug Counts BB Bug Count Bb Bug Count bb Bug Count Percentage Tables – Enter the Final Bug percentages Tip: Bug Type Percentage = 100% ? (Bug Type Count) / (Total Number of Bugs) BB Bug Percentage Bb Bug Percentage bb Bug Percentage Tip: Blue Rimmed Baby Bug Percentage = BB Bug Percent + Bb Bug Percent Blue Rimmed Bug Percentage Yellow Rimmed Bug Percentage Observations and Questions [16] Describe the bug population change results during this data run in terms of genotypes and phenotypes. 10 TableTop Science – All Rights Reserved [17] Do your results suggest anything about what the composition of this population might be at some distant point in the future? Defend your answer. [18] Based on the initial starting population, use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to predict the future b BIOL 102 University of Maryland Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion. Terms of Genotypes and Phenotypes Discussion Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10