The Renaissance

o   Answer one (1) of the following questions. o   Clearly identify which question you answer. o   Your answer should include evidence from the lectures, the textbook, in-class assignments, and any additional sources that support your answer. o   ***Include in-text citations and a Works Cited list for the sources used in your answer, just as you would for a short essay.*** o   Your answer should be double-spaced in sentence/paragraph format. Length: 2½–3 pp. o   You have been practicing this sort of assignment with the short assignments and this is really not much different. Remember that a final examination is planned to last 2 hours, so budget your time for this assignment accordingly. o   Save your file as a Word.doc or .pdf and post it using the link on Blackboard. DO NOT email your file to me or use other file formats.     1.     William Marshal was called “the greatest knight that ever lived.” Discuss the social, economic, and political features of medieval feudalism and society during the reign of Richard II the Lionheart. Thinking of Robin of Locksley, William Marshal, and Chaucer’s Knight in the Canterbury Tales, what made a noble, good and chivalrous knight and a valued and faithful vassal? And what made a bad one? 2.   The Renaissance represents a significant cultural change in Europe that can easily be seen in its ideas, its understanding of history (Antiquity), its literature, and its art. Consider the characteristics of the Renaissance described by Jacob Burckhardt and Mark Bailey, and with examples discuss how the thought, literature, and art of Renaissance Humanism during the 14th—16th Centuries was fundamentally different than late medieval thought, literature, and art in theory, values, content, and methods. 3.    The literary and artistic Renaissance represented the “rebirth” of Antiquity. What did that “rebirth” mean in philosophical, practical, and theological terms to men of the time like Erasmus, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Martin Luther and how was it expressed in their various works? 4.    When in 1517 Martin Luther pinned his 95 Theses to the door of the cathedral in Wittenberg, Saxony, he initiated the Protestant Reformation. Discuss the worries about the state of the Church and the state of his soul that led Luther to radical conclusions concerning the efficacy of Catholic doctrines and devotional practices. Could one argue that Luther represented the application of Humanist ideas and techniques to Scripture and to the Church itself?

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