Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper

Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper ORDER NOW FOR CUSTOMIZED AND ORIGINAL ESSAY PAPERS ON Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper 1. Describe the etiology (i.e., causes), functional limitations, Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper treatment/intervention strategies, vocational issues and potential of (you choose the disability or condition in chapters covered for the exam) 2. Discuss the “Wholistic Approach” to Rehabilitation (Chapter1/ Brodwin) Etiology (causes) Functional limitations ………. look at the check list for this response and you can answer yes to a few Treatment/intervention strategies Vocational issues Vocational rehabilitation potential attachment_1 attachment_2 attachment_3 Chapter 8 Psychiatric Disabilities Historical Perspective • Development of medications along with deinstitutionalization has shifted responsibility of care for individuals with psychiatric conditions into community settings • Necessitated the establishment of services in the community to meet their needs Recovery Model • Focuses on providing accommodations, supports and services that enable individuals with psychiatric disability to live full productive and dignified lives within the community – Psychiatric or psychosocial rehabilitation – Emphasis on treatment and management of symptoms through evidence-based interventions Key terms • DSM • Delirium • Dementia • Schizophrenia • Psychosis • Anhedonia • Intelligence • Tardive dyskinesia Defining Psychiatric Disability • Condition that blocks individual’s goals and interferes with their ability to function effectively within the community • Extent of disability depends upon: – How their manifestations interfere with their ability to function within their environment – Cause distress or disruption perceived by others in the environment – Cause subjective distress to the individual Delirium • Characterized by: – Difficulty sustaining attention to external stimuli – Difficulty in maintaining a coherent thought process – Difficulty in shifting attention to a new stimuli – Develop over a short period of time – Include clouded state of consciousness and confusion and disorientation – Is reversible if treated appropriately and no brain damage has resulted Dementia Conditions responsible for dementia: – Alzheimer’s Disease – Multi-Infarct Dementia – Dementia due to other causes • Arteriosclerosis • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) • Brain trauma Schizophrenia • Complex, chronic, lifelong condition characterized as a psychotic disorder – Psychosis • distortion of reality and disturbances of thought • Prevalence in general population is about 1% – 70% experience initial manifestations between ages 15-35 • Cause impairment in workplace, social interactions and in self-care Manifestations • Characterized by: – Positive • Active symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, or bizarre behaviors – Negative • Passive manifestations such as social withdrawal, apathy, or Anhedonia Schizophrenia • All share common symptoms but are also differentiated by specific symptoms – Paranoid type – Disorganized type – Catatonic type – Undifferentiated type – Residual type Vocational Issues • Employment benefits • Need for extensive job training – Problem solving – Social interaction – Money management – Use of public transportation – Coping Mood Disorders • Depressive Disorders • Bipolar Disorders – Bipolar I Disorder – Bipolar II Disorder • Dysthymia • Cyclothymia Vocational Issues • Rates of unemployment and underemployment are disproportionately high – Stigma – Lack of understanding of community – Need for workplace accommodations and flexible scheduling – Manifestations may be associated with cognitive impairments Anxiety Disorders • Panic Disorders • Agoraphobia • Phobias • Social phobia (social anxiety disorder) • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder • Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) • General anxiety disorder Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) • Disabling condition frequently accompanied by depression – Persistent recollection of traumatizing event • Sleep difficulties – Persistent experiencing of the event • Nightmares or flashbacks • Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper Emotional numbing, avoidance of things reminiscent to the event; detachment, loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities • If identified and appropriately managed, prognosis is positive Somatoform Disorders • Somatoform Disorders – individuals experience physical symptoms for which no organic cause can be found – Somatization Disorder – Conversion Disorder – Hypochondriasis – Pain Disorder Other Psychiatric Disorders • Pain Disorders • Factitious Disorders • Dissociative Disorders – Dissociative fugue – Dissociative amnesia – Dissociative identity disorder • Personality Disorders Diagnostic Procedures • Diagnostic psychological testing • Intelligence tests • Structured interviews – Personality assessment – Neuropsychological testing – Behavioral assessment Treatment of Psychiatric Disability • Nonpharmacologic Approaches – – – – Psychotherapy and counseling Behavioral approaches Social skills training Specialized groups • Pharmacologic Approaches – – – – – Antipsychotic medications Antidepressants Mood stabilizers Anticonvulsants Antianxiety medications • Electroconvulsive Therapy Vocational Issues in Psychiatric Disabilities • Ability to work depends on – Type of disability – Type of work in which they are involved – Attitudes of those in the work setting Common Functional Limitations Checklist Designed to facilitate discussion and identification of limitations following a medical diagnosis Compiled by Sara Sharpe M.S.; C.R.C. with assistance from Deb Henderson-Guenther M.S.; C.R.C. Adapted from the Disability Handbook, Department of Rehabilitation Education & Research University of Arkansas Two Thousand Twelve Edition Explanation of References The vast majority of this work has been adapted from the Disability Handbook, Two Thousand Twelve Edition (2012) by Jason D. Andrew and M. Jean Andrew. This edition did not include a robust definition of functional limitations for Autism, so this author referred to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) to create the Common Functional Limitations Checklist for this disability. Sleep Disorders were not given specific functional limitations in the Handbook, resulting in adaptations from the Job Accommodation Network (JAN) for this disability. Likewise, Deafness was combined with Hard of Hearing in the Handbook so information for this disability came from JAN. References Include: Accommodation and compliance series: Employees with sleep disorders. (2013, March 26). Retrieved from http://askjan.org/media/Sleep.html Accommodation and compliance series: Employees with hearing loss. (2013, March 7). Retrieved from http://askjan.org/media/hearing.html Andrew, J. D. (2008) Disability Handbook. 2008 edition Department of Rehabilitation Education and Research University of Arkansas Andrew, J. D., Andrew J.M (2012). Disability Handbook. 2012 edition Aspen Professional Services Autism Spectrum Disorders: Signs and symptoms. (2013, May 13). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/signs.html Puhl, R. M., & Heuer, C. A. (2010). Obesity stigma: Important considerations for public health. American Journal of Public Health, 100(6), 1019-1028. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.159491 Table of Contents Affective Disorders: Bipolar Disorder Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Affective Disorders: Depression …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 Affective Disorders: Mania ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 Albinism …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Disabilities ……………………………………………………………………………………. 5 Allergies …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6 Amputations ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 Arthritis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 Asperger’s Syndrome ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9 Asthma …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 Autism ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 Burns ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 Cancer ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 Cardiovascular Disorders …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15 Cerebral Palsy …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16 Deafness ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 18 Delusional (Paranoid) Disorders …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 Diabetes Mellitus ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20 Eating Disorders ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22 Fibromyalgia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 Hard of Hearing ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24 Hemophilia ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25 H.I.V. (AIDS) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26 Intellectual Disabilities ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27 Learning Disorders…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28 Chronic Lower Back Pain ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29 Motor Neuron Diseases …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30 Movement Disorders ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 31 Multiple Sclerosis ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33 Obesity …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 Personality Disorders ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 36 Post-Polio Syndrome Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38 Renal-Kidney Disease ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39 Respiratory Disorders………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 40 Schizophrenic Disorders …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41 Seizure Disorder (Epilepsy) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 42 Sickle Cell Anemia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43 Sleep Disorders …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 44 Spina Bifida ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45 Spinal Cord Injury ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 46 Stroke ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47 Traumatic Brain Injury ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 48 Visual Impairments …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 49 1 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Affective Disorders: Bipolar Disorder Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Issues with interpersonal skills (cooperation, tact, and empathy) Issues with dependability Problems with decision-making Dealing with frequent change Limited stamina (fatigue and lethargy) Issues with judgment Issues with motivation or initiative Issues with follow-through or ability to follow instructions Issues with self-confidence/ self-image Drowsiness from interrupted sleep patterns or lack of sleep Issues with concentration Memory problems Issues with stability; consistency of behavior his information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 2 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Affective Disorders: Depression Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Depressed mood; difficulty moderating mood Inability to enjoy usual activities Psychomotor problems (slowness in speech, thought, and movement) Problems with decision making Limited stamina (fatigue and lethargy) Difficulty with follow-through or following instructions Issues with judgment Issues with motivation or initiative Bodily complaints: headaches, back pain, muscle cramps, nausea, etc. Issues with self-confidence/ self-image Drowsiness from interrupted sleep patterns or lack of sleep Issues with concentration/ loss of interest Memory problems Issues with stability; consistency of behavior This information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 3 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Affective Disorders: Mania Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Issues with interpersonal skills (cooperation, tact, and empathy) Issues with dependability Problems with decision-making Issues with judgment Difficulty managing money Flight of ideas; difficulty organizing thoughts Issues with motivation or initiative Issues with follow-through or ability to follow instructions Drowsiness from interrupted sleep patterns or lack of sleep Issues with concentration Memory problems Issues with stability; consistency of behavior This information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 4 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Albinism Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Judgment from others over appearance Issues with employer and peer acceptance Issues with self-concept Delay in social skills development Do you have photosensitivity? Do you have to take precautions before going outside?Troy Ch 8 Schizophrenia Imitations Treatment & Intervention Strategies Paper Does your disability cause you to have problems with: -reading, writing, driving, space/form/ depth perception, field of vision deficit, sensitivity to glare (photophobia) Bleeding tendencies- related to Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) Breathing conditions- related to HPS Bowel conditions This information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 5 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Disabilities Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Psychological Consequences: Post-Traumatic Stress Diagnosis Generalized Anxiety Disorders Diagnosis Depression Diagnosis Feelings of guilt/ grief Difficulty with impulse control Low frustration tolerance Lack a perspective of time Social Consequences: Difficulty with relationships Loss of activities of daily living (ADL) skills Having mostly friends who drink or do drugs Lacking positive peer supports Spiritual Consequences: Feelings of hopelessness Feelings of despair Feeling directionless Difficulty coping without drinking or taking drugs This information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 6 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Allergies Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Inability to work outside Difficulty working in wet, humid conditions Difficulty working near fumes and dust Limited stamina Fatigue/weakness Pain Sleepiness Problems with motor coordination This information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 7 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Amputations Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Upper Extremity: Grasping Fingering Pinching Limited bimanual capabilities Carrying Lifting Holding Pushing Lower Extremity: Balancing Climbing Walking (even and uneven surfaces) Stooping Pushing Pulling Carrying large objects Lifting heavy or bulky objects Upper or Lower Extremity: Intolerant of environmental conditions (heat, cold, humidity, dirt) with prosthesis wearers This information is funded by Rehabilitation Services Administration WI Client Assistance Program grant H16A040054. 8 Return to Table of Contents Common Functional Limitations Checklist Associated with Arthritis Common Functional Limitations Yes, No, or Don’t Know in My Case How will items marked YES be addressed? Upper Extremities: Fine hand movements Fingering Stiffness in joints; affects dexterity Grasping Working ab … Get a 10 % discount on an order above $ 100 Use the following coupon code : NURSING10