Biology

Why would cardiac muscle cells and some smooth muscle cells continue to contract even when their nerve supply has been removed or severed?

In 500 words or less, discuss an issue of personal, local, national, or international inequality and why it matters to you. MAXIMUM 500 WORDS. ATLEAST 450 WORDS.

Course Project: Experiment Report Assignment Description: The course project is designed to focus on experimental design. As future scientists, this project orients you to the process of experimental design. It entails designing an experiment using the Vernier instrumentation (gas pressure sensor). The results of the experiment are to be presented in a lab report format. The information in the experiment report should match the experiment design presented earlier. You will share your experiments and results with the class in the last forum of the class. Instructions: For the course project you must perform, analyze, and share and the results of an experiment of your own design. You have already turned in and received feedback on your experiment design. You need to carry out your experiment as designed incorporating feedback. With the data collected, you will analyze your results and draw conclusions. Your information must then be submitted as a lab report. Directions on how to write a lab report are found below and in the attached Guidlines for Scientific Papers. You will need to fill out the self-grading sheet as part of this assignment. Make sure you read through the grading rubric so that you understand all the information that is required. Your assignment will be automatically submitted to TurnItIn with your submission. Make sure you follow the APA reference and citation technique. How to Write An Experiment Report Experiment or lab reports are an excellent way to practice scientific writing. Scientific writing is a style of writing that places a premium on clear, concise language. You should write efficiently and without excess verbiage. This means you want to avoid using more words when fewer will do. Researchers must pay by the page to have their work published. They want to spend as little as possible on publication, saving more money to fund the actual research. By writing as efficiently as possible they can eliminate excess verbiage and decrease the cost of publication. You will practice this style of writing in your lab reports for the course project. Lab reports for this course project will have the following style. Use 12 point font The report should be written in the 3rd person. Do not use personal pronouns (I, us, we). Example written incorrectly in 1st person: I applied 5mL of water to each plant daily Example written correctly in 3rd person: 5ml of water was applied to each plant daily. Make sure to use the correct tense. If you are talking about something that has happened in the past, use the past tense. Present tense can be used when referring to scientific principles such as “Meiosis involves two divisions.” Use APA formatted references and in-text citations. Direct quotations should not be used in lab reports. Any information that is not common knowledge needs to be cited. When in doubt, cite it. Failure to cite information can be plagiarism. For more information on what constitutes plagiarism go here. If you need to review APA formatting for references and citations go here and scroll down to the bottom of the page (citation examples section). The experiment/lab report should be organized into the following sections: Title, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Literature Cited. Details about each section are found below and in the attached Guidelines to Scientific Papers resource. The title of the experiment/lab report should be descriptive. It should state what you are studying and what variable was manipulated. It should be on a separate title page that includes the student’s name, course section, and date. The abstract is a one-paragraph summary of the entire lab report. It should state the purpose of the study, what was done, what was found and what was concluded. Even though it goes at the beginning of the report, you should write this after you have completed the entire lab report. The introduction section of the report should define the topic and explain its importance. It should share some background information related to the research that you used to help you design your experiment as well as state the research question and your hypothesis. It should me no longer than 1 page in length.  MAKE SURE YOU HAVE IN-TEXT CITATIONS HERE!(See Guidelines to Scientific Papers resource below for more details) The methods section should explain how the experiment was conducted. It should not be a list or bullets but should be written in a narrative format. Include only the details that are necessary to replicate the experiment and should explain why the procedure was done. This section should be written in the past tense and should not discuss any results . You need to include a picture that includes your name, the date and your experiment set up in action in the methods section. The results section should explain the results of the experiment without interpretation or comment. It should be used to summarize general trends. If multiple experiments were conducted each should have a separate paragraph explaining the results. Graphs and tables should be used if appropriate but not as a substitute for a written explanation. Make sure that graphs and tables have a description that would allow the reader to understand the graphic even if they could not see the graphic. Example of incorrect table/graphic description: Table 1. Bacteria counts and water level for Blackwater River Example of correct table/graphic description: Table 1. Bacteria counts and water level for Blackwater River in the summer of 2015. Bacteria were sampled using 3 point cross sections along a 10 mile stretch of the Blackwater River. Samples show that as water level decrease so do bacteria counts. During higher flow levels bacteria levels increase. The results the area sampled is impaired for contact recreational use. The discussion section is where you interpret the results. You should also discuss the results in context of the overall experiment as identified in the introduction of the report. You should tell the reader why the data looks like it does and why it is important to know. Lastly, you should discuss potential modifications for the experiment. What kind of changes would you make to this experiment to further knowledge of transpiration? This is not to correct mistakes but usually every experiment ends with more questions than you start with. How would you address those questions in future research? Rubric: The grading rubric for this assignment is attached. Make sure to review the rubric so that you have all the required components. Submission Instructions: 1) Upload your lab report as a word document for grading. 2) Copy the self-grading sheet and paste it into the text box as part of your submission. Do not attach it for submission. The lab report will be checked for originality using Turnitin. Make sure you have proper citations and references for work that is not your own! Instructions adapted from Steingraber S., Jolls, C., Goldberg, D (1985) Guidelines for Writing Scientific Papers. Michigan State University For more information on Experiment Report read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?search=Experiment+Report&title=Special%3ASearch&go=Go&ns0=1

 JUST PREPARE THE POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ONLY 6 SLIDES For this project, you will complete a clinical case study analysis, research review, and PowerPoint video presentation about the pathophysiology of a topic of your choice. Your presentation should follow a case study SBAR format (situation, background, assessment, and recommendations). You must include three (3) different medical-based evidence and/or research recommendations. You must include at least three (3) scholarly sources in your overall presentation. Your PowerPoint presentation should include the following slides: Introduction to the case or situation Background detail Clinical assessment Recommendations Application to future practice Reference slide: At least three (3) scholarly references supporting your ideas. Your presentation should be 3-5 minutes in length. Upload your completed video presentation here for grading JUST PREPARE THE POWERPOINT PRESENTATION ONLY 6 SLIDES For more information on Evidence-Based Medicine Research  read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evidence-based_medicine

You are to research a disease, and describe if it is a restrictive or obstructive disease.  What characteristics make it a restrictive or obstructive disease? How is the diseases treated?

Each student must develop a thesis statement that analyzes the question related to biological anthropology. Thesis statements should outline the main argument of your analysis. Your thesis is your central argument, and can contain the main points you will make. In the body, the student must address the various viewpoints on the topic of the paper (in addition to the stance you are taking). The student will also discuss the significance of the topic research (why is this topic, question, argument important to biological anthropology? The study of evolution? Society at large?) Students should include a historical, political, and cultural context in their analysis of the author’s argument. The conclusion should summarize your main argument and add concluding insight. Use at least 3 academic sources to support their analysis. All sources need to be properly and consistently cited using an established citations method (i.e. APA, AAA, Chicago, MLA) and included in a bibliography. double spaced, 12 point Times New Roman font, 1 inch margins

Methods: Make sure in your methods section that you state which kind of BLAST you used for each task and explain why. ?????fgenesh ?augustus??database??????Results: Based on the tasks carried out in the prac on your allocated 20-kb DNA sequence ?attachment?? (make sure you note which sequence you worked on), present the findings in this section of the report. Specifically, we are looking for:1. A summary diagram of the gene models from the program you believe represents the best, most accurate ab initio annotation. Provide a summary diagram showing the entire 20kb of DNA annotated with all predicted genes. Your diagram should indicate the base-pair positions of all gene features. You must show exons, introns, start and stop sites and the gene direction. You should also provide the polypeptide sequence encoded by each gene. Include in the text the annotation method you chose to depict in your diagram, and why you chose it (i.e. strengths and weaknesses compared to other methods). Explain the support you obtained for these predictions. Use the appropriate BLAST program to determine the type of protein produced from each gene predicted by your chosen ab initio method. Present the evidence and comment on your confidence in each BLAST result. ?2. Report on the homology-based method to give an independent prediction of the gene models in your 20-kb sequence. Provide a summary diagram showing the entire 20 kb of DNA, annotated with all predicted genes. Your diagram should indicate the base-pair positions of all gene features. You must show exons, introns, start and stop sites and the gene direction. You should also provide the polypeptide sequence encoded by each gene. Determine the type of protein produced by each gene predicted by the homology- based search. Present the evidence and comment on how confident you are in each BLASTx result.3. Find and identify the one type of gene that is found on all DNA fragments for the class. Either download another few sequences to identify the gene type in common, or check with your colleagues which gene types they found.Tip for visualisation purposes: Geneious Prime is very convenient to show annotations along a sequence. You can download a free trial from here: https://www.geneious.com/prime-features?(Links to an external site.). Alternatively, visualise the results in PowerPoint or similar software.Discussion: Include the following discussion points:1. Compare the ab initio predictions and the BLASTx-based homology predictions for your sequence and comment on which approach worked best for annotating your sequence. ?2. Comment on why BLASTx was used for the homology-based prediction. How is BLASTx different to the other kinds of BLAST? ?3. Discuss the predicted biological and/or biochemical function of the gene found in Results #3 above. Include the nature of the conserved functional motif(s) and the homology to characterised genes. You will need to search the scientific literature in order to determine the biological and/or biochemical function of the chosen gene.

What is the Function of saliva?  For more information on Saliva read this:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva

Describe the postnatal growth of the human brain. What sorts of growth account for its substantial increase in volume?  For more information on Growth of The Human Brain read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_brain

In a certain city, 1,469 individuals have the CC form of the enzyme phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), an enzyme critical in the second step of glycolysis. Another 138 have the Cc form of PGI, and another 5 individuals have the cc form of the enzyme. All forms of the enzyme are fully functional.  Question: Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium? Use Pearson’s Chi-square test at a 5% significance level to test if the deviation from HW equilibrium significant?  MUST SHOW WORK For more information on Glycolysis read this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis