Biology

Classification is often done through the use of a dichotomous key, a series of binary decisions (yes/no, true/false, blue/green, rod/circle, etc) based on features of what is being classified, whether it is bacteria or candy. The attached files show two ways that a dichotomous key can be constructed for the classification of candy. In both forms, the largest distinction is placed at the top and is followed by further distinctions until all items are classified. The flow chart version is often easier to understand so start with that. The tabular format at first is more difficult to understand but works the same way except that instead of lines connecting from higher to lower keys, a series of jumps (go to’s) are used. For this assignment you will need to produce a dichotomous key for the following organisms Bacillus megaterium Corynebacterium hofmanni Klebsiella pneumonia Micrococcus luteus Mycobacterium smegmatis Proteus vulgaris Rhodospirillum rubrum Spirillum serpens Staphylococcus auerus based on their morphology and staining (use any or all of the stains used/observed in lab – simple, gram, acid-fast, spore, flagella and capsule). To construct your dichotomous key, begin by creating a table listing the organisms across the columns and their morphology and staining down the rows. Once constructed, find the row that provides the most complete division into two groups (hint: it will be what can be considered THE microbiology stain). Then move rows to sort by increasing refinement. Your first row will be the first pair in the tabular construction or the first box in the flow chart. Since the flow chart is easier to visualize, you may find it useful to create it in its entirety to check your key then convert to tabular format. If you can generate the flowchart in digital form, it can be submitted instead.

Watch and take notes on Dr John Sanford’s November 2018 45 min. presentation to the National Institute of Health on, plus the 20+ questions and answers that follow. https://uncommondescent.com/evolution/john-sanford-gives-lecture-at-nih-on-mutations-and-human-health/ Answer the following questions: Name 2 famous geneticists who expressed grave concerns about the effects of mutation accumulation on human fitness. According to Haldane, what is the theoretical maximum rate of mutations we can sustain and still survive indefinitely? What did Kimura’s graduate student convince Dr Kimura about the true nature of “neutral mutations”? What software did Dr Sanford use to simulate the effects of mutation and natural selection upon human fitness? What evidence did Dr Sanford provide that indicates mutation accumulation is driving the human race toward extinction? What did Dr Sanford suggest to be our best plan at slowing the rate of loss of human fitness? In the Q & A session, Dr Sanford’s claim that mutation accumulation is rapidly leading the human race toward extinction. What observation and assumption did they base their claim on? In your opinion, which do you think is more reliable: (A) Dr Sanford’s evidence that mutation accumulation is degenerating the human race or (B) mutation + natural selection has given rise to and sustained complex life forms for hundreds of millions of years?

Nominate a person or group of people who have, in your opinion, made a substantial contribution to biotechnology. The nominee(s) can come from any time period. They can be currently living, or dead. You must clearly explain the contribution your nominee(s) has made to the advancement of biotechnology, then explain the impact of this contribution. You must convince me and your TA why your nominee is a game-changer and deserves the prize. Use the Rubric to help you structure your assignment. Format • You must make your nomination in a minimum of three (3) pages and a maximum of five(5) single?sided pages, not including references or a title page. • Use the APA style guide to format your references (see the APA Style Guide on the BIOL 1010 cuLearn page) • Print must be double-spaced, with 1-inch margins all around. • Type size must be no smaller than 12 points. • Submit as an Adobe .pdf or Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx file) document through the cuLearn Assignment page. The assignment is due before 11:59 pm (Eastern Time) on Thursday 16 July 2020 Checklist: (Not Rubric, but helpful) Is the choice of nominee appropriate (nominee made a significant contribution to biotechnology)? Is the nominee’s contribution to biotechnology clearly explained? Do you present coherent, logical, well-supported arguments in your nomination? Is the format correct? Is the title informative and appropriate? References [including URLs if you use websites]. Did you follow the APA Style Guide? Is the paper well written with no grammatical or spelling errors?

Changes in the immune system are moderated by changes in the ——– nervous system.research has revealed that the trait most associated with a heart attack in type A individual is————— stress. prevention strategies that are designed to increase early detection are called——–.Seth an individual that there is a problem with his weight and even begins to think about doing something to curb his weight, According to Prochaska. he is probably in the ——–stages. An approach involving the use of instruments to learn to control psychological activities is called————.

Imagine you are creating a community health promotion resource that addresses a disease of your choice. You are creating this resource for the general public.  Select a disease that aligns with the body systems covered in this course. Create an informational resource (350 to 700 words) formatted as one of the following: Podcast, News transcript, Brochure/pamphlet, Video, Interview, Other option approved by your instructor three days prior to the due date. Your informational resource should: Identify the disease. Identify the population affected by the disease selected. Describe specific cultural beliefs around the disease and how the treatment and management of the disease might be affected by cultural beliefs. Identify strategies that can be used to promote health and wellness to communities to reduce or prevent the disease from having an impact on the community. Describe how this disease and the management of it affect health care resources in the community Note: It is important that you complete your assignment early in the week. Cite at least 2 reputable references used to complete your resource. Reputable references include trade or industry publications, government or agency websites, scholarly works, a textbook, or other sources of similar quality.

Compare and contrast directional selection and disruptive selection, and provide an example of each. Many pathogenic bacteria species are becoming resistant to antibiotics. Explain how such adaptations can develop through the process of natural selection. (Hint: Relate this example to the conditions that are necessary for natural selection to occur.) What are the major evolutionary trends that developed among major vertebrate groups, specifically those that allowed for the transition from aquatic to terrestrial life? Providing examples, explain how sexual reproduction in plants has evolved to become less dependent on water.

Objective: Organize your thoughts and the main points of your research for your final presentation Assignment Instructions: To help you complete Assignment 3: The Presentation, you will first submit an outline to organize your thoughts and main points. Your outline should be formatted a specific way and must contain the following elements as described below. To prepare for this assignment, I recommend that you do the following: -Read these directions carefully. -Review the sample outline provided to you below. THIS SAMPLE IS MERELY TO SHOW FORMATTING; PLEASE SEE THE CRITERIA FOR THE OUTLINE BELOW TO ENSURE YOU HAVE INCLUDED THE FIVE REQUIRED CONTENT SECTIONS -Read the grading criteria. The grading criteria is a detailed evaluation that I will use to assess your performance. It also will help you understand what is expected of you as you prepare your assignment. -Message me with any questions! Be sure to add your name and course number to your outline. The outline format: Your outline must be formatted as described and exemplified in the example attached. Please note that this format will be assessed in your grade: -Use an alphanumeric sequence -Sections should be indented and aligned -Follow the suggested order of the required elements -Use brief but detailed and descriptive phrases. The required elements: Depending on the type of organism you have chosen you will address different sets of questions. Please see the category that responds to your selection. Your outline should contain the following elements in this order, and please note that some of these should be your personal observations. Also remember that your presentation (Assignment #3) should only be 10-15 slides, so you need to be concise and clear with your information. OUTLINE OF HOW ITS SUPPOSED TO BE: PLANTS/FUNGI: I. The Introduction Section A. Organism Introduction 1. The common and scientific name of your organism. Please see this link to help with scientific names if needed: How To Write Scientific Names 2. Where you observed your organism (country, state, park, zoo, etc.) 3. A brief discussion on why you chose your organism 4. If possible, a picture and/or video of you safely observing your species in the field. If not possible, search the Internet for an image (and remember to cite your source for the image) in a typical habitat. II. The Body A. Description 1. You must include a brief physical description. You can use your personal observations. If you cannot safely observe your organism, you must research. a. Size, Coloring, Leaf arrangement, flower color, etc. B. Life Cycle and Reproduction 1. Life Cycle: describe the life cycle of your organism. The life cycle refers to the series of changes that happens from the beginning of life as your organism develops and grows into a mature organism. Please see here for some hints on the Life Cycle. Plants can be a bit more complicated, so if you have any questions please feel free to ask! 2. Reproduction: You must discuss the reproductive strategies of your organism. Are there any specific structure or cells involved in reproduction? Are the flowers specialized? C. Structure and Function 1. Please select one organ system of your organism that you find to be particularly interesting and describe both the anatomy and physiology of that system. 2. If your organism is a plant, here are a list of the general plant organ systems 3. If you have selected a fungus the concept can be more complex. Please contact me directly for more help if needed. D. Energy Ecology 1. If you can observe these, that is best. If not, research. 2. How does your plant harvest the energy from the sun? How does it store the energy? E. Habitat 1. Where your organism lives. This does not refer to a city or state, but rather the natural environment in which your organism lives. 2. You should consider abiotic factors, such as soil, water, etc., as well as biotic factors, such as predators, hosts, etc. III. The Conclusion Section A. This section should contain four to six points that sum up the main points from the body of the outline. B. Start your conclusive section with one sentence summarizing some basic information about your chosen organism (name and geographical distribution). C. Continue with a brief summary (1-2 sentences) about the life cycle and any particular body structures. D. Include a brief summary (1-2 sentences) about the ecological role of your chosen organism in its ecosystem. E. Wrap up the conclusive section with a closing note that provides brief information about a unique fact and/or behavior of your chosen organism. IV. The Reference Section: A. This is not just the reference page; rather, referencing should occur throughout the outline as it will in your presentation. Therefore, your outline should include both a separate reference page containing a minimum of five sources listed in proper APA reference list format AND internal citations throughout the outline where appropriate. Please be sure to see the resources below for assistance regarding in-text citations and reference list formatting, and/or ask me if you have any additional questions. Improperly cited and referenced work may not be accepted for credit.

Pick any two diseases that require diagnostic tests to identify them from the body system. Use one of the body systems: cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, hepatobiliary, lymphatic, reproductive or nervous systems. For each of the diseases, explain: Why is a particular test recommended? How does the test work? What information is obtained from the diagnostic test regarding the disease? Does the diagnosis need confirmation with another diagnostic test? By the due date assigned, submit your initial response to the Discussion Area. Your response(s) should clarify your understanding of the topic. They should be your own, original, and free from plagiarism. Use correct medical terminology, spelling, and grammar.

Answer this 2 questions:A neighbor, who is 3 months pregnant, asks to talk to you because she has felt tired for the last 2 days, has a headache, a rash, and does not feel like eating. You take her vital signs and find that she has a low-grade fever. She has recently traveled to an area where there is risk for Zika virus disease.To what could your neighbor have been exposed, and how could the exposure have occurred?What advice would you give your neighbor?

• Threats/threat agents: events or persons that potentially may cause unwanted consequences or impacts. • Vulnerabilities: controls or safeguards that are either weak or missing; also a condition or circumstance that permit a threat to happen. Caution: Be careful of the distinction between vulnerability and “being vulnerable.” or example, a water system is vulnerable to physical or cyber attacks by malicious actors, but it is simply the asset that is at risk. The vulnerabilities would be the weak safeguards for the water system. • Consequences: damage or harm resulting from the failure of controls to prevent a threat from exploiting a vulnerability. • See also Disaster Resilience: A National Imperative for an explanation of exposure and vulnerability (National Academy of Sciences, 2012, pp. 26- 27). CAUTION: Follow the instructions! Use the attached template!Definitions:Step 1: Select an organization you are familiar with and that will allow you to interview at least 2 other people who are also familiar with it. This organization may be where you work, a business or community group (e.g., your auto repair shop, your doctor’s office, your child’s school, your homeowners association), or local government. NOTE: If you have taken this course before, you must select a different organization as your subject.Step 2: Interview at least 2 people to brainstorm with you. If you cannot get them together at the same time, that is okay. It’s fine if you need to keep the names of the interview subjects or specific organization anonymous at their request or for the sake of confidentiality, but please use pseudonyms for easy reference.First, identify at least 5 assets of the organization that are at risk; that is, harm to one or more of the assets would impact the organization’s ability to function normally. Be sure to consider both tangible and intangible assets.Second, identify at least 20 threats/threat agents, along with the associated vulnerabilities and potential consequences faced over the next 2 – 5 years. For threats, think about what would cause significant harm. But be realistic; for 3 example, if the organization is located in Miami, a blizzard is not likely.• Recognize potential disasters and business disruptions. • Take actions to mitigate disasters and crises. You must have a TOTAL of 20 threats across the 2 tables; for example, 12 threats in the Disasters table and 8 threats in the Business Crises table. Be sure that the information is clear and easily understandable.Note: Make sure to proper cite and reference the sources you use to develop Tables 1 and 2. No personal communication/interview is included in your reference list; instead, parenthetically cite the communicator’s name, the phrase “personal communication,” and the date of the communication in your main text only.. For example: “Blizzards are not a realistic threat in Miami (I. Renda-Tanali, personal communications, May 17, 2017)”. Do not cite personal communications in the tables.Step 3: Then discuss with your brainstorming team the obstacles to getting people to:Step 4: Write your report. The report must include the following sections, using the template provided: 4• Describe the organization you selected and briefly explain why you chose it. • Describe the people you interviewed and why you selected them. (If they would prefer to beanonymous, you may identify them by title and function; for example, assistant vice president at a branch bank office.) • List assets at risk. • List the threats, vulnerabilities, and consequences that came out of the brainstorming and any other research you did. Use the table format shown above. One table should be for disasters / catastrophes and the other table for disruptive business crises. • Analyze the vulnerabilities and consequences in light of an all-hazards management approach.• Discuss issues with and obstacles to getting people to recognize potential disasters and crises and mitigate them. • Explain what insights you gained from doing this assignment and how you might apply them.