Biology

Describe a modern technique based on molecular or cell genetics, its applications and benefits and / or limitations to society

BIO 299 Pathology/Microbial-Environmental Interactions PaperYou will pick a microorganism for your paper on pathology or microbe-environment interactions. The organism cannot be one of the ones your instructor goes over during lecture listed in the syllabus. Select a pathogen/microbe from current events that is an emerging or reemerging concern to you or people in your area. Provide local epidemiological data/statistics for the organism.Note this cannot be covid-19, Ebola, flu, clostridium botulinum, Hepatitis C, Anthrax, MRSA. These has been discussed already. Choose something in Africa or the US.Your paper must include:Introduction to the organism (structure, cell type, morphology, metabolic requirements, natural reservoir, history, etc.)Introduction to the disease(s) caused by the organism (epidemiology, signs, symptoms, etc.) OR introduction to the environmental impact of the organismList and describe factors employed by the organism to assist in its growth, reproduction, culture conditions, host/pathogen interactions and/or virulence. (e.g., nitrogen fixation, symbiotic interactions etc.) Categorize virulence factors by mechanisms of action (Immunity Avoidance, Tissue/Cell Lysis, Colonization/Spread)Discussion of treatment/prevention options for the disease(s) caused by the organism (Antibiotics or other chemotherapeutics given as part of treatment and their mechanisms of action, Vaccines available and type)The paper should be a minimum of 5 pages of relevant and informative material that covers all of the content and requirements listed below and in the rubric. The 5 pages does not include the title and reference pages. The paper should thoroughly inform the reader.

For this assignment, we will be using the 2019 report entitled “Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report” a 300+ page detailed look at one of the world’s most amazing features. The report can be downloaded HEREActions or you can link directly to their website HERE (Links to an external site.). Also look for the 20 page brief.Reading and understanding this in its entirety exceeds any reasonable expectation that I have for you. As a result, for this assignment, in 1-2 pages summarize a SINGLE aspect of this report. This could be at a chapter level or a sub chapter level. It should be your own words and does not require outside sources unless you believe they are necessary. In the heading of your post, clearly label what section(s) you are address including the section number and page number of the entire report (not the brief).Hopefully you will take the time to find a section that interests you. If you are working in tandem with another person, please choose separate sections.Once you post your results, you’ll be able to see what your classmates have also found.

OPTIONAL) By the way, if you liked this reading, you may like this recent report in Mother Jones Magazine about the “Codfather”, a long-time fish pirate on the east coast. Linked HERE (Links to an external site.). Note, this reading is not required but is an extra article if you enjoy the crime detective side of the story. You are writing about Welch’s Shell Games.Papers are a chance to take the more “fact” driven textbook and combine it with some real world knowledge in “readable chapters”. For each paper, please read the assigned paper and create a “summary” of the article, chapter, or work. Summaries are a synthesis of the key ideas and reduce the content down to 1.5 to 2 pages, e.g. cliff notes. In other words, get rid of the fluff. It should still be a coherent story, easily read, should not include any evaluation, and should not include any “I” statements. You will be graded on how well written your summary is including grammar and spelling. Note, it should also not include any “in this article, the author”. Write it from the author’s perspective.The second part is an evaluation of the reading. Here is your chance to critique the reading. What did you like? What did you not like? What confused you? What was too simple? What else should have been or not been included? Who is the target population? Were you interested or bored? Exact questions are not required, but should provide a guide. Typically the evaluation will be about 1/2 a page.Formatting. Standard font. Size 12. Double spaced. Standard margins. Name and author of the paper should be included.See the rubric for how the assignment will be graded. Papers are due at the end of the day on the assigned date and are to be turned in through the Assignment’s Dropbox. Document must be a doc, docx, rtf, or pdf (preferred). PDF’s can be created easily in word, by choosing SAVE AS and then change the type to PDF.RubricPaper Rubric 2020Paper Rubric 2020CriteriaRatingsPtsThis criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTyped, 12 font, arial or times new roman, double spaced, standard (1″) margins on all side10 ptsFull Marks5 ptsRating Description0 ptsNo Marks10 ptsThis criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeTitle and author of paper included. Includes your information, including name, date, title of assignment.10 ptsFull Marks5 ptsRating Description0 ptsNo Marks10 ptsThis criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeSummary…Write a summary of the paper. Summaries are briefs of the initial paper and should be 1.5 to 2 pages. The summary only uses the information in the paper, does not make any opinions, and should not include any “I” statements. It should also be written from the author’s perspective not yours.50 ptsFull Marks38 ptsRating Description25 ptsRating Description0 ptsNo Marks50 ptsThis criterion is linked to a Learning OutcomeEvaluation…For the second part, write a 1/2-3/4 page evaluation of the paper.30 ptsFull Marks23 ptsRating Description15 ptsRating Description0 ptsNo Marks30 pts

Below are two statements about U.S. legal and constitutional history. For your final exam, write two essays addressing these statements. Please observe a 900-word limit on each essay; any words over that limit will not be considered in grading. The two essays will be of equal value in calculating your final score.A good essay will use the historical materials presented in this class in support of a well-defined argumentative position. You may agree, disagree or agree in part and disagree in part with the statement. In any case, be sure to take a clear stance on the issues. A well-written essay will begin with a strong statement of your thesis and will then continue with support for your claims derived from the facts, ideas and history that we have studied in the course.I will be happy to discuss your answers to these questions. However, I will not review sample answers.1. In the early 20th century, American judges enforced a version of legal liberalism that protected economic rights against political intervention. But when legislation limited political rights, civil rights or reproductive rights, the Supreme Court deferred to executive and legislative authority.By the mid-20th century, however, legal liberalism was no longer being used to protect economic rights and was instead re-conceptualized as a means of identifying political, civil and reproductive rights and protecting these rights against attacks by political authorities.Since the 1980s, Americans have generally been united in their commitment to a liberal understanding of the rule of law. Today, though, Americans increasingly battle politically regarding which rights citizens ought to enjoy. These battles pit those who want to protect economic rights and 20th century hierarchical power, against those whose priority is political, civil and reproductive rights for all. Only by protecting the mid-20th century changes in constitutional interpretation can the real meaning of the Constitution be preserved.2. The role of law in the lives of women in America was shaped by the doctrine of coverture and the legal characterization of the role of women as primarily wives and mothers. In the 1970s, feminist activists attempted to redefine the role of women in American society. The Congressional passage of the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972 and the Supreme Court’s decision in Roe v. Wade seemed to recast the role of women as full citizens, entitled to both political and economic equality. However, the backlash against this movement towards full equality soon limited the feminists’ victory. The legal system’s traditional commitment tocreating and supporting family as the basic social unit justifies imposing limits upon women’s autonomy.

Described the nature of a chosen technique and its biochemical or biological basis – for example genetic fingerprinting, stem cell, gene therapy, recombinant DNA technology.1.2 Given an account of how the technique is applied, e.g., in medicine, agriculture, forensic science.1.3 Described the benefits and/or possible future benefits of the technique1.4 Described any disadvantages and/or possible future disadvantages associated with this technique.2.1 Discussed the ethical and environmental issues associated with the technique and its applications3.1 Used appropriate and relevant diagrams / tables of scientific data.3.2 Written in a suitable scientific style that included appropriate scientific terms and an extensive reference list cited appropriately within the text.

Evaluate the ethical and environmental issues raised by the technique

Choose and answer one (1) question from below. Clearly indicate the number of the question you are answering. If the wrong number is indicated, points could be deducted. If more than one question is answered, only the first one will be graded. Be careful about providing citation(s) where asked. Use your own words. (30 pts.)Explain what an extinction vortex is. List and explain all the potential factors contributing to the phenomenon. What type of population is the most vulnerable to an extinction vortex and what conservation methods can potentially mitigate it?.Explain how does resource partitioning (niche partitioning) contribute to the structuring of a community. Describe one example from a peer-reviewed study demonstrating this phenomenon. Give the citation by including the URL of the article.Explain the differences between species richness and species evenness of a community. How is each value quantified? Describe one example from a peer- reviewed study using one or both of these values in studying a community. Give the citation by including the URL of the article.Answer the following.B1. Do you consider soil as non-living or living entity? Justify your answer.

Choose and answer three (3) questions from below. Clearly indicate the numbers of the questions you are answering. If the wrong number is indicated, points could be deducted. If more than three questions are answered, only the first three will be graded. Use your own words. 10 pointsExplain what CITES is and how does it contribute to conservation biology.Explain how remote sensing can be used to measure NPP in terrestrial ecosystems.Explain what mesopredator release is, including its potential effect, in the context oftrophic cascade.List and explain the main components of landscape heterogeneity.Explain the similarities and differences between introduced species and invasivespecies.Explain the function of genetic rescue in conservation biology and why is itconsidered somewhat controversial.

Interview/Exercise Plan: 200 points. Conduct an interview of an older adult over the age of 65 and write an analysis of this interview. Write an Exercise Prescription for this individual which addresses the five categories of fitness. Include a PAR-Q and health stratification questionnaire. Incorporate fitness testing assessments and prescription practices discussed in class. Be as thorough as possible when describing the recommended exercise prescription. Write a brief analysis of why the exercises were selected, special considerations and barriers this client may face.Components of Project:Section 1: Data CollectionStep 1: Choose someone you feel comfortable speaking to who is over the age of 65 and request an interview with them. They must agree to the interview. Make sure to have them sign the consent form (on the interview question sheet), a PAR-Q and a health risk screening form. If you are conducting the interview over the phone ask for their verbal consent (they don’t need the sign the physical document). You will turn in digital copies of these forms.Using the questions provided find out about them and their physical activity habits. Ask any additional follow up questions your think may be necessary based on the answers they provided.Step 2: Write a brief summary of your interview findings. This should be about one paragraph that reflects over what you learned about this client and what information you will need to consider when making their exercise prescription.Section 2: Exercise PrescriptionStep 1: Based on the information gathered in the interview, information presented in class and your knowledge from previous kinesiology course work and come up with an assessment plan and exercise plan that you would recommend to this person if they were your client. You are not required to show the interviewee this program or implement it in any way it is purely hypothetical.**Please note, as shown on the rubric make sure your assessment and exercise plan contains all necessary componentsSelect appropriate assessments for your client based on their current health status. You must select at least 3 at the minimum. Make sure to describe the assessments in depth including directions and how results are measuredSelect a cardiovascular program appropriate for your client. Use the FITT acronym in your recommendation. Include how you would progress this program.Select resistance training program, make an educated guess on what weight/ reps/ sets you would place this client at. Include how you would progress this program.Select at least 2 balance and 4 flexibility exercises. Include how you would progress this program.Organize all of this information into a chart or easy to follow table that includes all necessary components including exercise descriptions and progressions. Create a sample day and week workout plan including warm-up and cool down exercises.Section 3: AnalysisWrite a brief summary that explains the decision-making process behind your exercise plan. This section should explain why the exercise and assessment choices were made based on your interviewee’s health status and physical activity level. Be sure to explain any special considerations or contraindications that applied to this specific individual.Make sure this section any barriers they may face, how you would motivate them and what goals you would set for them.For this project you will turn in:1. A copy of your interview transcript/Qs & As2. Your interview summary3. All forms (Par-Q and health risk stratification form)4. A copy of your assessment plan and workout plan for your interviewee (all details included)5. Your analysis summary about the exercise prescription that you wrote