Government

Summarize chapter 7 in 10 pages with details but with out any names or federal lawsI need all definitions in one pageand a mental plan in the end of the summary

?PURPOSEThis week you will write a letter to your US Senator. This homework is designed to show you just how easy it is to participate in civic engagement.KNOWLEDGEYou will practice the following skills which are essential to your development as a political science student, including:? Locating information on a political/policy topic by utilizing academically and politically sound sources? Locating contact information for an American Government leader? Identifying a policy or political issue of interest and summarizing its purpose? Evaluating views on issue of public concern by examining the potential impact of the issuTASKSWrite letter to you Senator, and mail it.1. Determine your U.S. Senators and choose who to write.Visit ?www.senate.gov(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.if you are unsure of who your Senator is.2. Choose one political or policy issue about which you feel strongly.Pick something that is on the national level that is of concern to you (for example: environment, national security, immigration). To get ideas, look at newspapers, magazines or online news sites from the pasts two weeks, scan the websites of the Senator, or watch the national news on TV. Prior to writing your letter, brainstorm ideas about your issue by answering the questions below.? What is your issue and what is causing the problem?? Why is your issue an important one for you as a citizen of Washington state and a constituent of this Senator? How is it affecting you personally?? What can this Senator do to fix the problem?3. Review the letter writing format: opening paragraph, body, and conclusion.? ?See tutorial on how to write formal letters at https://www.toppr.com/guides/english/writing/formal-letters/? (Links to an external site.) ? Links to an external site. ? ? See tutorial on how to write letters to member of Congress at? (Links to an external site.) ? Links to an external site. ?4. Begin your letterState your purpose. Be specific and succinct. Focus on just your one chosen policy or political issue. ?Example?: My name is Jane Smith. I live in Seattle, WA, and I am a constituent. I am writing this letter to ask that you vote for S353, legislation that would cap the out-of-pocket costs of necessary healthcare services.5.Write body of letterPersonalize your letter. Form letters or postcards are just not as effective. Both Senator Murray’s and Senator Cantwell’s staffs have indicated that they look for personal stories. ?Example?: My cousin, Joe Smith, has Type I diabetes and relies on certain medical devices and medications to stay healthy and alive. I know the great costs he must pay and that his healthcare coverage does not cover some necessary healthcare needs. The resulting costs have bankrupted my cousin, putting him at risk of losing his home. Passage of S353 would allow my cousin to cover his required healthcare needs while also maintaining a decent standard of living. It would allow him to pay his other bills too.Be informed when you write your letter, and as you write, be honest and accurate in the information you present. Legislative leaders and staff rely on information from constituents so accurate information is vial. Use specific statistics, numbers, or examples. Saying generally that you don’t like a certain law or regulation is not nearly as impactful. ?Example?: My cousin is not the only voter in your district struggling with healthcare costs. S. healthcare costs in 2016 were 16.9% GDP according to the OECD, over 5% GDP higher than the next most expensive OECD country. With U.S. GDP of $19 trillion, healthcare costs were about $3.2 trillion, or about $10,000 per person in a country of 320 million people.6. Write ConclusionIndicate the specific action that you would like the Senator to take and by when. If you would like a reply, you may request that as well. ?Example?: Again, I urge you to vote for S353 to protect ALL your constituents. I would like to receive a reply to this letter. Thank you for your careful consideration.7. Copy the letter and submit a copy in the class Canvas courseroom here. The dropbox can be found by clicking on “Assignments”. It is marked “CivicEngagementAssign.”8. Email or Mail the letter.9. If/When you get a response, please share in class.

Choose a public service announcement video clip specific to alcohol (videos only – no written PSAs). First, you need to understand what is a public service announcement. Here are two links to review: https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/participation/promoting-interest/public-service-announcements/main and https://www.thebalancecareers.com/what-exactly-is-public-service-advertising-38455The public service announcement can focus on any issue as long as it relates to alcohol use. PSAs are only 30 to 60 seconds long (if they are much longer than it is not a PSA). The PSA has to come from a notable national organization or community association. You can’t select a PSA that was created by an individual, fringe organization, or a student (you will not receive any points if this happens or if you select a video clip that is not a PSA, e.g., lectures are not PSAs). To determine the source, look underneath the video clip.After selecting the PSA, you need to create a post. Introduce the topic and the PSA, provide a working link (make sure you check it), and then evaluate your PSA using criteria obtain from several media resources (Here are two potential resources to use when evaluating: 1) https://www.quickrubric.com/r#/qr/anna-warfield/public-service-announcement-storyboard

In the heart disease diagnosis case study (Application Case 11.4 pp. 486-87), what was a major benefit of the SIPMES expert system?  Does this type of system have a high coincidence factor? If so, why is that helpful?orExpound on these activities within knowledge engineering –   knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, and knowledge validation… Include short examples…orThe key to effective knowledge management is extracting and encoding expert knowledge that can be accessed and reused by others. Offer an example/application of this, a related benefit, and are there any disadvantages of using KM?

Assignment: Provide an approximate 1600-word document analyzing important concepts in the readings. Ensure your apply the discussion points below and assume you are writing for an uninformed reader that knows nothing about the topic and has not read what you read. Provide an introduction, body, and conclusion. Analyze, discuss, and apply the following: 1. The interagency (local, state, and federal governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, volunteer organizations, etc.) response to the 1900 Galveston flood. Include a discussion regarding lessons learned and the contribution to the interagency emergency management. 2. The interagency (local, state, and federal governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, volunteer organizations, etc.) response to the 1906 San Francisco Earthquake and Fires. Include a discussion regarding lessons learned and the contribution to the interagency emergency management. 3. The interagency (local, state, and federal governments, Non-Governmental Organizations, volunteer organizations, etc.) response to the 1918 Great Influenza Pandemic. Include a discussion regarding lessons learned and the contribution to the interagency emergency management. INSTRUCTIONS: DO NOT list out the topics or questions and answer them, APA style, provide an introduction, body, and conclusion, 12 references.

Reply to Peers *Note: Let’s try to identify which peer’s posting you are replying to by using their first name at the beginning of your reply. Replying to one or two peers will satisfy this criteria. Here is what the aim should be for when replying to your peers: 1. Extending meaningful discussion by elaborating on your peers’ initial posting through adding to or expanding upon the initial thoughts or questions posted. 2. Advancing the discussion by posing new questions to your peers or class. 3. Asking for clarification (in a respectful manner) on confusions you may have about initial postings by the instructor and/or peers. Peer Person: Emmanuel Nfawmor Presidential Powers and the Constitution: 1. Would the United States be improved overall if the leadership role of president as head of state, chief executive officer, and commander in chief were constitutionally assigned to other governmental officials other than one president? What do you think the advantages and disadvantages to giving the president all these powers are? Additionally, modern presidents have gained more power through different inherent powers (i.e., executive privilege, executive orders, executive signing statements and executive agreements). To begin with, I will unapologetically say “YES,” with the assertion that “the United States would improve if leadership role of the president in all three dimensions as mentioned above, were constitutionally assigned to other governmental officials other than one president.” Some presidents may know what is right but may not do what is right. As president Lyndon Johnson once said, “A president’s hardest task is not to do what is right, but to know what is right.” Moreover, when it comes to decision making, presidents make hundreds of decisions that affect the nation, and, in making these decisions, they must try to consider what is in the best interest of the country and act accordingly. It is true, according to the constitution of the United States, the president is head of state, chief executive officer and commander in chief, but as per the leadership role, the constitution grants the president specific executive, military, judicial and legislative powers. Thus, the president can decide and act based on such constitutional powers vested on him. However, the provision of checks and balances, as applied through separation of powers in the United State government, ensures that the president does not take powers into his hands through his decisions and actions. Reason why the powers of the president are checked by the legislative and judicial branches of the government. In my humble opinion, therefore, although the president has specific official constitutional powers, and certain unofficial or informal powers not stated in the constitution, I think “there will be more improvements (advantages) than disadvantages, if the leadership role of the president, especially as commander in chief of the arm forces were assigned to other governmental officials other than the president.” For example, the constitution grants Congress the power to declare war. However, citing their constitutional role as commander in chief, presidents throughout history have taken it upon themselves to call troops into action without getting a formal declaration of war from Congress. Despite the efforts of Congress to clarify war-making responsibility with the passage of the War Powers Resolution in 1973, for instance, there remains tension between Congress and the president when it comes to the use of U.S troops or military powers. As commander in chief, the president has the responsibility to ensure the defense and security of the nation and its interest around the world. The constitution gives Congress the power to declare war, but from the beginning, presidents have claimed the power to take military action without a formal declaration of war from Congress. Presidents have called out the armed forces more than 200 times in American history. Following the Vietnam War, Congress decided to restrain the president’s power to commit troops. Over president Nixon’s veto, Congress passed the War Power Resolution in 1973, which calls on the president to consult with Congress before and during any possible armed conflict involving U.S military. Since the law’s enactment, presidents have contested its constitutionality. The war in Iraq (2002), was another case under president George W. Bush. As a result of such power execution by presidents towards war without consulting the Congress, it has led to loss of lives of many U.S troops and other war related losses. Furthermore, regarding legislative powers, the president is also permitted to suggest legislation at any time and his legislative power is the veto. However, Congress has power to override the veto by two-third votes of the members of each house. The problem here is, it can be hard for Congress to obtain the votes and override the veto. On the side of judicial powers, the constitution gives the president the power to nominate federal judges and justices, in which case, the president may place men and women on the Supreme Court who have similar political beliefs. They may also alter the sentences of people convicted of crimes. Sometimes, such decisions may be objected by the masses and families of those who disagreed with the president’s decision to alter, pardon or order the release of the said convicts, especially if it has some political attachments. Moreover, nominating judges and justices, or the president’s appointment of judges, in most cases, remain on the bench for years after the president’s term is over, simply to support the president’s agenda. Thus, this allows the president to still have an influence on government long after his or her term is over. Furthermore, although the constitution gives the president power to appoint people, oftentimes, a president will use the power to nominate and appoint as a political tool, rewarding political supporters and winning new ones. This power also allows presidents to place in key positions people who support their policies, such a politically induced motive of appointment would not improve the U.S system of governance. All these, add to the disadvantages, which otherwise, would have improved things in the United States for the better, if the leadership role were assigned to other governmental officials apart from one president, especially in the situation where executive agreements have been used for more far-reaching ends. The North American Free Trade or NAFTA, is an example. 2. Do these claimed inherent exercises of presidential powers upset the system of check and balances between branches? Why or Why not? No, on one hand, yes, on the other hand, but to a lesser extent as seen through the executive privilege attempts by the president (executive branch). As explained above, sometimes there is conflict between the president and Congress or court over presidential decisions such as, taking military action and other legislative issues. Significantly, the system of checks and balances is intended to make sure that no branch is allowed to exceed its bounds, guard against fraud, and allow for timely correction of errors. In effect, the authority to take a given action rests with one branch, while the responsibility to verify the appropriateness and legality of that action rests with another branch. While the legislative branch enacts the law, the executive implements and the judicial interprets the laws in reference to the constitution, and applies its interpretations to legal controversies involving the laws. Although they are separate branches, but all have equal powers; for example, the president of the United States in the executive branch can veto laws passed by Congress in the legislative branch as well as nominating judges through checks and balances, while Congress can override presidential vetoes with two-thirds vote from its two houses (Senate and House of Representatives) and can amend the constitution to overturn the Supreme Court’s decisions. In like manner, the Supreme Court at the judiciary can nullify laws passed by Congress and presidential actions as unconstitutional. However, the Supreme Court’s power is balanced by the fact that its presiding judges are appointed by the president with approval of the Senate. This can be done by each branch without upsetting the system of checks and balances as intended by the U.S constitution. Nevertheless, there are some few reasons, as an examples of why the claimed inherent exercise of presidential powers can upset the system of checks and balances between the branches is when the executive branch, headed by the president, often controversially attempt to expand its authority over the legislative and judicial branches, such as the power to issue executive orders by the president, the power to declare local and national emergencies, the power to grant presidential pardons, the power to withhold information from Congress through executive privilege, to name but a few.

An essay about American government. Can be about freedom, oppression, immigration, economic prosperity, etc. Then provide several examples of the concept you choose(Can be any from above).

Argue for a position on the scope of free speech – what is the justification for the right to free speech, and how expansive should this right be? Apply your position to at least one of the cases we’ve discussed related to hate speech (Collin v Smith, R.A.V. v City of St Paul) – should the court’s ruling be changed, in light of your position on free speech?Why or why not?The primary goal of your paper is to provide convincing answers to the prompt above. With that said, a good paper requires more than convincing answers; it will include exposition that provides background for the reader and makes the structure of paper clear.In particular, your papers should do the following three things (in addition to providing convincing answers!):1) Include a brief introduction, where you explain what you’ll do in the paper. Be sure to state the thesis that you’ll argue for (for example, “In this paper I argue that Mill’s position on the scope of free speech is superior to those of Meiklejohn, Redish, and Emerson”).2) The prompt requires you to argue for your preferred position on the scope of free speech. Before you argue for your preferred position, you must explain each of the four positions on the scope of free speech that we’ve covered in class(Mill, Meiklejohn, Redish, Emerson).In particular, this requires that you do two thingsi. Explain how the law can limit speech, andii.Compare and contrast each position. For instance, what value(s) is the freedom of speech meant to serve, according to each author?3) The prompt requires you to apply your preferred position on the scope of free speech to one of the cases we’ve covered related to hate speech. Before you apply your position to one of the cases we’ve discussed, you should briefly describe(1) the nature of hate speech and (2) some details of the case you will consider. In particular, this requires that youi. Explain what hate speech is, and what it is not (for instance, speech that merely makes someone angry is not hate speech). You are not required to discuss Waldron’s view on hate speech here, but if it helps you make the discussion clearer, then you arewelcome to do so.ii. Summarize the facts of the case you will consider.iii. Explain the court’s ruling in that case.

In Unit V, we learned about elections and voting. We learned that voting turnout tends to be quite low in the US, even through it’s the largest democracies in the world. Some have suggested compulsory voting. Discuss what  you think about mandatory voting.

Read the following scenario.A former City of Arizona colleague sets up a consulting business and approaches you for a letter ofreference. He submits a draft document, which makes mention of several projects for which he istaking credit. You know that he was a minor player in one of these and feel uncomfortable with hisuggestion that the letter be on city letterhead, “just to make it more official.”In 500-750 words, put yourself in the scenario and use the results of your “personal valuesassessment” from the textbook, then do the following:1.  Explain how you would approach the situation, if you were put in the scenario, based on yourpersonal values assessment.  2. Describe how your personal values inform and instruct your personal power.Use two to four scholarly resources to support your explanations.Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide